该句中having good manners为v-ing形式作主语。例如：Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.

▲友情提示：在v -ing 形式前加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，构成v -ing复合结构，在句中作主语、宾语。

【考例5】(2001上海)Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ____.

A. he'd like to collect coins as well

B. he feels like collecting coins, too

C. to collect coins is also his hobby

D. collecting coins gives him great pleasure

[考查目标]v -ing 作主语。

[答案与解析]D A、B、C三项句法都无错误，但在and连接的并列句中，两个简单句的主语要保持一致的形式 fishing and collecting coins分别做两个简单句的主语。

5. It's polite to finish eating everything on your plate, so don't take more food than you need. 餐盘里的东西要吃光才礼貌，所以不要多拿。

该句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为to finish eating …例如：It's not right to tell lies. 撒谎是不对的。

it作为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。常见的句型有：

1. It + be + adj. + to do sth 2. It + be + n. + to do sth

3. It + be + PP. to do sth

【考例】(2001上海) In fact ____ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

A. this B. that C. there D. it

[考查目标] 形式主语。

[答案与解析]D 只有it才可以作形式主语。

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