12. arise (arose, arisen) vi: come into being

eg. A question arose in the meeting.

Disagreements arose between them.

Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.

13. personally adv :

a)in person or not represented by others

eg. He went there personally.

The plan was granted personally by our boss.

b) as a person

eg I don’t know him personally, but I have read his book.

. Personally, I don't approve of her.

I dislike him personally, but I admire his art.

14. technology: the art application in industry, etc or the study of mechanical arts and applied sciences.

Eg. With the help of modern technology, you can do many things in a short time.

People today enjoy a high level of technology.

Useful expressions

1. in one’s opinion: it is one’s view or feeling

eg. In my opinion, the project is worth.

In his opinion, the writing is excellent.

In my opinion, the money is not enough.

2. go by: pass

eg. As time goes by my memory seems to get worse.

This week went by slowly.

Don’t let the opportunity go by.

3.so…that…: with the aim that

eg. We were so tired that we did nothing that evening.

The word was so small that I could hardly see it.

He was so excited that he couldn’t speak.

4. in a way: to a certain extent but not entirely

eg. The changes are an improvement in a way.

The work is well done in a way.

5. after all: in spite of what has been said, done or expected.

eg. So you have come after all.

After all, what does it matter?

I’m sorry. I can’t come after all.

6. with the help of

eg. I finished the job on time with help of my best friend.

With the help of a passer-by, I carried the injured person into a shop.

With the help of the advanced machine, they carried out the plan successfully.

7. watch over: keep an eye on sb/sth

eg. Could you watch my clothes while I have a swim?

The mother watched over the child carefully.

The dog watches over its master’s house.

A nurse watched over the old man.

8. deal with: attend to a problem, task, etc.

eg. We should discuss how to deal with the problem.

He dealt with the situation well.

She knows well how to deal with children.

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