n.

crash

v. (cause to) break into pieces violently 坠落;猛撞

smash

v. (cause to) break into pieces violently (使)碎裂

stalagmite

n. 石笋

projection

n. sth. that stands out from a surface 凸出物

type

n. a particular kind, class or group 类型，种类

granite

n. hard grey stone used for building 花岗岩

formation

n. sth. that is formed; way in which sth. is formed 形成(物)

skyscraper

n. very tall building 摩天大楼

scrape

vt. rub with sth. rough or sharp 刮，擦

proceed

vi. continue after having stopped (停顿后)继续进行

fund

n. sum of money set apart or available for a special purpose 资金;基金

billion

n. one thousand million

zilch

n. zero; nothing at all

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS

(be) known as

also publicly called; named 以...闻名，通常名叫

name after

give the same name as 以...名字命名

as to

about, concerning 关于

base on / upon

use as a basis or foundation for 以...为基础，把...基于

for one thing ... (for another)

in the first place... (in the second place)

be composed of

have as members or parts 由...组成

as far as ... be concerned

to the degree that it matters to 就...而言

stick up

stand upright; project 直立;突出

give off

emit; send out 发出;散发出

set back

delay the advance of development of 耽搁;阻碍

PEOPER NAMES

Art Buchwald

阿特.布奇沃德

Venus

金星

Manhattan

曼哈顿(纽约市中心)

Zog

佐格(姓氏)

Edison

爱迪生(姓氏)

Glom

格洛姆(姓氏)

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