The famous detective was sitting in a chair, pipe in mouth.那个著名的侦探坐在椅子上，嘴里叼着烟斗。

The teacher entered the classroom, book in hand.老师拿着书进了教室。

10、泛指人类或男女

Man is lord over creation.人是万物之灵。

Woman is frail.女人是脆弱的。

11、被认为是不可数的或复数形式的疾病名词前不用定冠词

He was in bed with flu for ten days.他因感冒卧床10天了。

I’ve had toothache all night.我牙疼了一夜。

12、of前后的两个名词表示同位关系时，后一名词前通常不用冠词。

He is not used to the position of servant.他不是合作仆人。

She played the role of happy hostess.她充当了女主人的角色。

13、序数词前不用冠词的四种情况

① 序数词作副词使用时不用冠词。

You should first read the questions before you answer them. 在回答前首先阅读问题。

First read fast to get a general idea. Second read in detail.首先快速阅读掌握大意，其次仔细阅读掌握细节。

② 序数词作名词使用，表示“名次”时，不用冠词。

The computers are all first.这些电脑均是一等奖。

The city is second with a population of 1,000,000 in the province.这个城市有一百万人口在本省名列第二。

③ 序数词和名词构成的复合形容词前不用冠词。

They have got first-hand information.他们已经掌握了第一手的资料。

Don’t buy second-hand car.不要卖二手车。

④ 序数词表示街道名词前不用冠词。

He lives in Twenty-second Street.他住在22号大街。

Smith is on Sixth Avenue.施密斯在第6街。