2. separate，divide，part，divorce

当这些动词意为变得或使变得分开的，断开的或分离的时，可对它们进行比较。

(1)separate  意指放置为相隔的和保持相隔的：

The Pyrenees separates France and Spain. 比利牛斯将法国和西班牙分开。

The child's parents have separated. 这孩子的父母已经分居了。

He separated the big eggs from the small ones.他把大蛋和小蛋分了开来。

(2)divide暗示通过或好像通过切开、劈开或分割形成几部分、几份额或几份来分离：

We divided the orange into segments. 我们将橘子分成几部分。

(3)part最经常指亲密关系的人或事的分离：

None shall part us from each other. 没有什么能将我们分开。

I remember the way we parted. 我记得我们分开的情形。

(4)divorce暗指一个关系或联盟的组成成分的分离：

He got divorced from his wife last month.他上个月和妻子离婚了。

3. distant，far，faraway，remote

这些形容词都表示在时间、空间或关系上的远离、远隔或分开。

(1)distant可指具体的间隔

a house a mile distant from town 距市镇一英里的房屋

heard the sound of distant traffic 听到远处汽车发出的声音

(2)far用来指长距离的远离：

We are/come from a far country. 我们来自一个遥远的国度。

He seems so near, and yet so far. 他看上去是这么近，却又是那么远。

(3)faraway表示比 far更大的距离：

troops landing on far-off shores上了远处海岸的部队;

faraway mountains and lakes远处的群山和湖泊。

(4)remote不仅指远而且表示同时远离说话者所在的地点：

remote stars遥远的星星;

a remote outpost of civilization遥远的文明界线;

the remote past. 久远的过去。

4. used to do, be/grow/become/get used to (doing), be used to do

(1)used to表示过去发生的习惯性动作，现在已无此习惯。

例如：He used to smoke.他过去常常吸烟。(现在戒了)

He used to be strong when he was in junior middle school. (= He was strong, but not now.)

他读初中时身体曾经是健壮的。(内含的意思是“现在不健壮了。)

There used to be lots of apple trees around the house 10 years ago. (=There were lots of apple trees…, but there aren't any now.)

十年前，这座房子四周曾经有着许多苹果树。(内含的意思是“现在没有了”。)

(2)be/grow/become/get used to (doing) sth. (开始/逐渐/变得)习惯做某事

例句：The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.

太空人很快就习惯了失重状态。

I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.

我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只有一次我可给吓怕了。

You must get used to getting up early. 你必须习惯于早起。

(3)be used to do被用来做……

例句：Wood can be used to make tables.  木头被用来做成桌子。

5. take place, take the place of

(1)take place意为“发生、举行”，是一个不及物动词词组。

例句：Great changes have taken place in China. 中国发生了巨大的变化。

(2)take the place of 代替，取代

例句：Plastics have taken the place of many materials. 塑料已取代了许多材料。

No one can take the place of your manager. 没有人能够接替你们经理的工作。

6. It + be + 时间 + since-clause

It + be + 时间 + before-clause

It + be + 时间 + when-clause

It + be + 时间状语 + that-clause

It + be + time + that-clause

It / This / That + the first(second , third …) time + that-clause

在学习中，同学们对“It + be + 时间 + 从句”这个结构经常混淆不清，下面逐一进行分析。

(1)It + be + 时间 + since-clause

这个句型表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间，意为“自从……以来已多久了”，主句多用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时，如果表示过去的情况，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时，或主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

例如：It is (has been) three years since his father passed away. (从现在算起)

自从她的父亲去世已经三年了。

It was (had been) 10 years since they married. (从过去算起)他们结婚十年了。

注意：It’s + time +since I did sth. 其中从句的动词是可延续性的动词时，则表示从句的动作已经结束，译成汉语是否定的。

例如：—Have some Maotai, please.  —No, thanks. It’s three years ______ I drank.

A. before    B. since    C. after    D. when

答案B。该句意为：不，我已经戒烟三年了。与上下文语境符合。

(2)It + be + 时间 + before-clause

这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语(如：long years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes)，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才……”。主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多长时间就……”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be;用was 时，before从句的动词用一般过去时;用will be 时，before从句常用一般现在时。

例如：It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.

她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。

It was long before the police arrived.过了很久警察才来。

It will be hours before he makes a decision.要过好几个小时他才会做出决定。

It will not be hours before meet again.要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的。

(3)It + be + 时间 + when-clause

这是个定语从句。在这个句型中, it 指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的。

例如：It was already 8 o'clock when we got home.  我们到家时已经八点了。

It was the next morning when we finished our work.  第二天早上我们才干完活。

It will be midnight when they get there.  我们到达时将会是午夜了。

(4)It + be + 时间 + that-clause

这个句型是个强调句型。

例如：It was two years ago that he made an important invention.

(原句是：He made an important invention two years ago.)

是在两年前他做出一项重大发明。

It was at 5 o'clock that he practiced playing the violin in the morning.

(原句是：He practiced playing the violin at 5 o'clock in the morning.)

早上他练习拉小提琴的时间是在五点钟。

比较：It was 5 o'clock when he started in the morning.

(5 o'clock前没有介词，这是个定语从句)

(5)It + be + time + that-clause

这个句型属虚拟语气结构，不管主句中用的是 is 或 was ，that从句都须用动词的过去式或should + 动词原型(但不及用过去式普通)，在time之前有时可加上high或about 以加强语气。

例如：It is time (that) we handed in our exercises.

(= It is time that we should hand in our exercises.)

我们该交练习作业了。

It is high time (that) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend.

该是她给男朋友写信的时候了。

(6)It / This / That + the first(second , third…) time + that-clause

这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历，关键是注意time前有序数词，主句是is时，从句要用现在完成时;如果主句用一般过去时was，则从句须相应地用过去完成时。

例如：This is the first time (that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.

这些欧洲人是第一次参观长城。

It was the fifth time (that) I had paid a friendly visit to Africa.

这是我第五次友好访问非洲了。

【模拟试题】(答题时间：20分钟)

一、听力

听力文件(略)

第一节  听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置上，每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the relationship between the two speakers?

A. Husband and wife.

B. Doctor and patient.

C. Salesman and customer.

2. What does the man want to do?

A. He wants to know where the computers are.

B. He wants to sell computer disks.

C. He wants to buy computer disks.

3. What are they going to do?

A. To see an exhibition.

B. To have a meeting.

C. To listen to a lecture.

4. Where are the two speakers?

A. In a restaurant.　　　　　B. In a hotel.　　　　　　 C. In the street.

5. What did the boy do before he came home?

A. He played basketball.

B. He watched a game.

C. He went to school.

第二节  听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷上。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。

听第6段对话，回答第6～7题。

6. For whom does the woman probably want to buy a ski jacket?

A. For her husband.　　　　B. For her son.　　　　　　C. For her daughter.

7. Why doesn't the woman buy the jacket?

A. It's too expensive.

B. It's too big.

C. She doesn't like the colors.

听第7段对话，回答第8～10题

8. Why does the man make the phone call?

A. He wants to book some seats for the show.

B. He wants to get some information about the show.

C. He wants to know on what day the show will be given.

9. How much does the tickets cost if the man wants to buy one.

A. 30 dollars.　　　　　　 B. 13 dollars.　　　　　　 C. 33 dollars.

10. When will the show probably end?

A. At 10：00 p. m.

B. At 8：00 p. m.

C. At about midnight.

听第8段对话，回答第11～13题。

11. Who is Ken?

A. Beth's brother.

B. Beth's boy friend.

C. Beth's father.

12. Where did Beth go last night?

A. She went to a bar with her friend.

B. She went to a cinema with Ken.

C. She went to a party with her parents.

13. What does Beth's brother think she should do?

A. She'd better look for a new boy friend.

B. She'd better buy something for herself.

C. She'd better ask herself if she wants anything.

听第9段对话，回答14～16题。

14. What do both of the two speakers want to do in the coming new year?

A. To save some money.

B. To work harder.

C. To lose weight.

15. What did Henry do last year?

A. He joined a health club.

B. He stopped smoking.

C. He got a good job.

16. Who wants to have a nice vacation?

A. Jeff.　　　　　　　　　B. Alice.　　　　　　　　 C. Henry.

听第10段独白，回答17～20题。

17. Who is the speaker?

A. An official.　　　　　　B. A tourist.　　　　　　　C. A guide.

18. When can you come if you want to see how bread was baked 200 years ago?

A. On Sunday afternoon.

B. On Tuesday morning.

C. On Saturday afternoon.

19. Where did Sir Henry come from?

A. England.　　　　　　　B. The USA.　　　　　　　C. France.

20. How many interesting places are mentioned here?

A. Two.　　　　　　　　 B. Three.　　　　　　　　 C. Four.

二、英语知识运用

第一节：单项填空

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。

21. ______ it is to go for a picnic on such a fine day!

A. What a fun　　　　　　　　　　B. What fun

C. How fun　　　　　　　　　　　D. How a fun

22. We'll hold the meeting in the open air ______ in the meeting room.

A. instead　　　　　　　　　　　　B. in place

C. instead of　　　　　　　　　　　D. in place of

23. This kind of paper was as soft and light as silk but ______ expensive.

A. not much　　　　　　　　　　　B. much less

C. so little　　　　　　　　　　　　D. no such

24. —Let me introduce myself, I'm Albert.

—______.

A. What a pleasure　　　　　　　　B. It's my pleasure

C. Pleased to meet you　　　　　　 D. I'm very pleased

25. His lovely explanation made the students ______ in his teaching.

A. interest　　　　　　　　　　　　B. interesting

C. interested　　　　　　　　　　　D. to interest

26. Is there any difference ______ American English and British English?

A. from　　　　 B. between　　　　C. among　　　　D. for

27. ______ giving us a hand, he stood there laughing.

A. Without　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Instead of

C. While　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Instead

28. These shoes cost ______. What's more, they are ______ small for me.

A. much too; too much　　　　　　　B. too much; much too

C. very much; very　　　　　　　　 D. very much; much

29. He works seven days a week, and six of ______ until one o'clock at night.

A. that　　　　　B. the time　　　　C.  which　　　 D. them

30. ______ is impossible ______ the work on time.

A. It; for us to finish　　　　　　　 B. It; of us to finish

C. That; for us finish　　　　　　　 D. It; for us finishing

31. It was ______ late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi and went home directly.

A. too very               B. much too             C. too much       D. far

32. Let Harry play with your toy as well, Clare. You must learn to ________.

A. support               B. care                  C. spare          D. share

33. Could you go and __________, please?

A. find what the matter is with Tom       B. find out what the matter is with Tom

C. find out what’s the matter with Tom    D. be sure what is the matter of Tom

34. —Mrs Brown is always beautifully dressed.

—Yes, she wears _______ nice clothes!

A. so           B. such            C. such a              D. so much

35. —Let me introduce myself. I'm Li Ping.

—       .

A. What a pleasure                                B. It's a pleasure

C. Pleased to meet you                                  D. I'm very glad.