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高中英语知识点总结之现在完成时时态详解

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2013-11-27

1. Kate's never seen Chinese films,____ ?  A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she

析:陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式,又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写,故选B。

2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)

His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.

析:already常用在肯定句中,yet常用在否定句、疑问句中,故填hasn't, yet。

3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents.   A. has B. had C. did D. have

析:"so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致,又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。

二、考查其用法与标志词

(一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时,常用现在完成时。如:

1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?  -______you______ your homework yet?

A. Do; finish   B. Are; finishing   C. Did; finish    D. Have; finished

2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______

A. Did; surf; surfed         B. Have; surfed; surfed

C. Did; surf; have surfed    D. Have; surfed; have surfed

析:据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时,故1题选D,2题选D。

(二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时,主句常用现在完成时,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,若是非延续性动词,要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如:

1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan.

A. after   B. before    C. since     D. for

析:主句用的是现在完成时,而从句用的是一般过去时,故选C。

2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks.

A. has lent    B. has borrowed    C. has bought     D. has had

析:A、B、C均为非延续性动词,在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用,故选D。

3. I______a letter from him since he left.

A. didn't receive   B. haven't got   C. didn't have   D. haven't heard

析:据since可知,应排除A、C,"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信",故选B。

三、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如:

1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have.

A. went to     B. gone to     C. been in      D. been to

析:据句中的have,排除A,B项意为"去某地了",C项意为"一直呆在某地",D项意为"去过某地",符合题意,故选D。

2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.

A. have been in    B. have been to    C. have gone to     D. have been

析:本题句中有"for+段时间"结构,据此可排除C,B项意为"去过某地",不合题意,D项缺介词,故选A。

四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如:

1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子)

析:非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时,除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外,还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为:Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there.

2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)

________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.

析:据上题分析,且since引导的从句要用一般过去时,故填It is, since, came。

3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket.

A. lost   B. don't lose   C. have lost   D. is coming

析:因我丢了票的动作发生在过去,而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果,符合现在完成时所表示的含意,故选C。

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