I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。

I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。

(4)It’s (high, about) time that句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。

It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.

It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。

(5)as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：

Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be theyChristian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.

The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quitesmoothly.

(6)由连接词in case, so that,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might,would)+动词原形，例如：

She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。

The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.

(7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反， if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：

If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not havesucceeded.

(8) 虚拟语气用于as if(though)引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughsspontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a partof the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。

They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。

She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。

(9)其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing,if only等等

If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in myhands for a cry.

二、特殊形式的虚拟语气

虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由should(可省略)+动词原形that从句。

A、 用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有：

ask要求 advise建议 arrange安排 beg请求

command命令 decide决定 demand要求 desire渴望

determine决定 insist坚持 intend打算 maintain坚持主张

move建议，动员 propose提议 object反对 order命令

prefer建议 require 需要 request要求 resolve下决心

recommend推荐 suggest建议 stipulate约定，规定 urge强调，促进

vote公认，提议 decree颁布(法令) pray请求

注意：这类动词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以接doing或者to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。

She advised that we should keep the gate locked.(书面体)

She advised us to keep the gate locked.(口语)

She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便)

B、用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：

advisable合理的 decided决定的 crucial关键的 appropriate恰当的

determined决定的 commanded命令的arranged安排的 essential紧要的，基本的

complied遵照 anxious焦急的imperative迫切的 important重要的

desirable合意的 better较好的，更好insistent坚持的 desired想要

asked请求 keen渴望的 incredible难以置信的 adamant坚定不移的

natural自然的 insisted坚持 necessary必要的 suggested建议

urgent紧迫的 ordered命令 shocked震惊的 vital极其重要的

possible可能的 strange 奇怪的preferable (好一点) proposed提议

requested要求的 required要求的recommended推荐 resolved决定的

probable(可能的) pity可惜，憾事 shame遗憾

注意：这类形容词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以for…todo…

来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。

It is essential that he should be prepared for this.

It is essential for him to be prepared for this.

C.用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有：

advice忠告 decision决定 demand要求 desire要求、愿望

insistence坚持 motion提议 necessity必要性 order命令

preference偏爱 proposal提议 pray恳求 recommendation推荐

request要求 requirement要求resolution决心 suggestion劝告、忠告

例如：

This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of theirschool life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。

The motion that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。

三、混合虚拟语气

有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。

If you that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.

A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watch

C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have watched 答案选C。

Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to return forsomething.

Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairmannow.

混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。

I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, butI was fully occupied the whole of last week.

该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。

Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examinationhad you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟(如果你去并且解释的话)，但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为“父母病了”是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式had been。

四、含蓄虚拟条件句

含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：

(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that,without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。

the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If therehadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happytoday.

A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 答案选B。

But that she was afraid, she would have said no.

(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest,provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。

She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what hewanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what hewanted.

If only I had more money, I could buy a car.

(注：lest, for fear that 和 incase 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如：

The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。

Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。

(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but,otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。

I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake.

A. were sleeping B. would be sleeping C. had been sleeping D. would sleep选择 B。

(4)形容词及其比较级

A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.

A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done.

(5)分词短语

Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.

Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father.

(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或hadintended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。

I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time.

To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman.

She would be stupid not to accept his invitation.

It would be easier to do it this way.

(7)名词短语和名词+and结构

A judicious man would not have committed suicide.

A diligent student would have worked harder.

(8)独立主格结构

All things considered, the price would be reasonable.

(9)定语从句

Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.

A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight.

(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气：

I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.

The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire inthe stock, which went up in smoke.

(11)动词原形表示虚拟

动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。

God bless you!

All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.

She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come).

If that be so, we shall take action at once.

[28.as if和 as though的区别]

as if 或asthough引导的方式状语从句中，如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气;如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气。关于这一点也取决于说话人的态度、看法。例如：

It gets darker and darker in the sky as if it's going torain .(表示真实情况，是直陈语气) 天越来越暗了似乎要下雨了。

She speaks as if she knew everything in the world . (表示非真实情况，是虚拟语气)她说话的样子仿佛似她懂得天下事。

高中是人生中的关键阶段，大家一定要好好把握高中，编辑老师为大家整理的高中英语语法知识点，希望大家喜欢。

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