宾语从句(版本三)

宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后。

eg.

Tell him which class you are in .

Do you know what he likes?

注：

(1)主、从句时态一致：

主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时;

He answered that he was listening to me.

主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需;

eg. He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.

They know (that) he is working hard.

具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时;

eg.He told me that he was born in 1980.

Father told me that practice makes perfect .

(2)否定前移，及完成反意问句

在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。(注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称)

eg. I don't think you are right ,are you ?

I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?

(3)运用虚拟语气的情况

在表示：

建议 suggest , advise

要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose;

决定 decide;

命令 order、command;

坚决主张 insist;

等动词后跟宾语从句，用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)

eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard.

He ordered that we should go out at once.

(4)宾语从句后置情况

如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置

eg.You may think it strange that he would live there.

(5)宾从中that不可省略的情况

宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略

A.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。

eg.I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.

B.当it作形式宾语时

eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.

C.当宾语从句前置时

eg.That our team will win，I believe.

[编辑本段]宾语从句(版本四)

一、定义和宾从例句分析

宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。

A 作动词的宾语:

I heard the news.

主语 谓语动词 名词作宾语

I　heard that he would come here later on.

主语 谓语动词 一个句子作宾语---宾语从句

B 作介词的宾语:

He　said　nothing about the plan.

主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 名词作介词的宾语

He　said　nothing about who broke the window last night.

主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词　一个句子作介词的宾语

二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成

带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有：that(可省略)，what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.

1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.

宾语

2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.

间接宾语 直接宾语

3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.

间接宾语 直接宾语

4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.

who hadn’t passed the exam.

when she would leave this building.

why she cried last night.

where she was going to study.

which student was his partner in the short play.

if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.

how she managed to solve the problem.

why water flows from a high position to a lower position.

在例子4中，当主句是过去时态时(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)，从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一种，(大自然的现象和真理除外)。

5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner.

who broke the window yesterday.

when I can have a holiday.

why I failed the exam yesterday.

where I should have dinner with my friend tonight.

which book is the best one.

if (whether) I have passed the exam.

how my cat escaped from the room last night.

在例子5中，当主语是现在时态时(一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，现在完成时)，从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态。

三、注意

A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。

False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.

Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。

Bad: I thought that he could finish this　job in just two hours impossible.

Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.

Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.

Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.

C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。

Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.

Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.

D 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态;具体细节请看第一部分。

False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.

Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.

宾语从句的点点滴滴　宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：

一，引导词

A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。

例：I told him that he was wrong.

l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。

例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)

l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。

例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)