二、谓语

说明主语动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词词组充当。除了倒装等情况外，谓语总是位于主语的后面。既句子最主要的两大成分位置是：主语 谓语。

动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与动词原形构成合成谓语，助动词与动词的适当形式(如：原形、现在分词、过去分词)共同构成谓语部分。

注意：谓语与主语在人称和数方面要相互照应。

练习：请找出下列句子的谓语并指出谓语的构成：是实义动词、连系动词+表语、情态动词+动词的原形还是助动词+动词的适当形式?

1. His parents are teachers.

2. The sun rises in the east.

3. We have finished reading the book.

4. You ought to work harder.

5. I felt cold.

6. He doesn't like music.

三、 宾语

表示动作的对象，跟主语的性质差不多。一般由名词、宾格代词(me ，he等)或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当(包括不定式、动名词还有宾语从句)。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语说明动作是对谁或为谁而做，直接宾语则是动作的承受着或结果。一般情况下，宾语都是在动词的后面， 它的顺序是：主语 谓语 宾语

练习：请找出下列句子的宾语并指出充当宾语的词(是名词、宾格代词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词还是宾语从句)?

1. He has never met her in person.

2. She handed him a book.

3. He likes to play basketball.

4. We enjoy listening to the music.

5. She said that she felt sick.

6. They sent the injured to hospital.

7. I find it possible to believe her any longer.

8. We consider it no good getting up late.

9. They believed it strange that he should have done that.