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Science and Technology Education Learning difficulties
科技 教育 学习的难处
Making something hard to read means it is more likely to be remembered
读起来费劲记起来就容易
A PARADOX of education is that presenting information in a way that looks easy to learn often has the opposite effect.
关于教学有个看似矛盾之处：用一种看起来简单的方式呈现信息通常会适得其反。
Numerous studies have demonstrated that when people are forced to think hard about what they are shown they remember it better, so it is worth looking at ways this can be done.
大量研究已表明，如果能迫使人们费一番力气去考虑他所看到的东西，那么他记忆的效果就会更好。所以，有哪些方法能让人们去"费这个力气"值得关注。
And a piece of research about to be published in Cognition, by Daniel Oppenheimer, apsychologist at Princeton University, and his colleagues, suggests a simple one: make the text conveying the information harder to read.
由普林斯顿大学心理学家，丹尼尔 奥本海默及其同事们共同完成的一项研究结果即将发表在《认知》杂志上，提出了一种很简单的方法：让传达信息的文本读起来更费劲一些。
Dr Oppenheimer recruited 28 volunteers aged between 18 and 40 and asked them to learn, from written descriptions, about three "species" of extraterrestrial alien, each of which had seven features.
奥本海默博士招募了28名年龄在18到40岁的志愿者，要求他们从书面文本的描述中学习关于三"种"外星生物的知识，其中每种生物又包含了七种特征。
This task was meant to be similar to learning about animal species in a biology lesson. It used aliens in place of actual species to be certain that th participants could not draw on priorknowledge.