4.The unit of heat on the c.g.s.system is the calorie，which is established as the amount of　heat required to raise one gramme of water by one degree centigrade.

热的厘米·克·秒制单位是卡，将1克水升高摄氏1度所需的热量定为1卡。(c.g.s.system=centimeter-gramsecond system，“厘米·克·秒制”。介词短语on...system作定语，修饰unit。

by所引导的介词短语是raise要求的，这里by表示数量增减的绝对值。例如：increase by　10%，“增加10%”;decrease by two orders of magnitude，“减小两个数量级”。)

5.Sometimes the individual crystals，with plane faces and sharp edges and corners，are visible　to the naked eye,and sometimes they can be seen only under a microscope.

单晶有时用肉眼就能看得到，有时只有在显微镜下才能看得见，这种单晶有着平的晶面和锐利的棱角。(with plane faces...corners是介词短语用作独立定语，修饰crystals。)

6.Modern Japan and other Oriental countries are emerging with the irresistible urge for better standards of living and anovel，　powerful role in the world’s economy.

在不可阻挡地迫切要求提高生活水平和在世界经济中发挥新的、强有力的作用的驱使下，现代的日本和其他东方国家正在崛起。(with...economy有条件状语的意味，用来修饰emerging。)

7.Liquids，however，are highly incompressible;that is，very large pressures，of the order of thousands of tons per square inch，are required to diminish their volumes appreciably.

但是，液体是非常不易压缩的;要明显地压缩液体的体积，就需要巨大的压力，其数量级达每平方英寸几千吨。(介词短语of the order...inch是独立定语，修饰pressures。)

8.One suggestion has been the use of mixtures of two different types of insecticide，with the idea that one of them should eliminate the individuals resistant to the other.

有一种设想是使用两种不同类型的混合杀虫剂，其想法是如果害虫对其中之一有抗药性，那么另一种就能杀死它。(介词短语with the idea一.the other作two types of insecticide的定语，对它作补充说明。that引导的从句作idea的同位语。resistand to the other是形容词短语作individuals定语。)

编辑老师为大家整理了介词短语在句中分析，希望对大家有所帮助。

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