法律文本经常使用近义词,近义词组rectify,amend or modify体现了法律语言“准确性”特征,译为校正、修改和修正。法律英语也常使用大量的同义词来表达同一概念的现象。这些同义词组只表达一个含义,如fair and equitable(合理的)。译者应遵循“精炼性”,做到精练准确。

3.动词名词化

动词名词化在法律英语中较普遍。汉语是动词占优势的语言,所以英译汉时应将名词翻译为动词,以符合汉语表达方式。如:The obligations under Articles 3 and 4 do not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.划线部分应译为动词:获得和维护。

4.情态动词

法律英语中使用大量情态动词,如shall和may。shall的使用表现出立法成员的强烈意志,具有强制性,通常译为应该、必须,但在翻译时注重其“规约性”,把这种强制的语气表达出即可。

5.模糊语言

法律文书有时须使用意义模糊灵活的词语去准确表达法律概念或事实。如:necessary,as early as possible等,可译为:所需和尽早,这些词是对无法量定的情况进行限制概括,体现了法律的“科学性”。

(二)句式特征下的功能对等汉译

法律英语句式复杂冗长。刘宓庆将长句翻译分六步:紧缩主干、辨析词义、区分主从、捋清层次、调整搭配及润饰词语。通过庖丁解牛,分析句子逻辑关系和语义关系,理解句子的各成分之间的关系,并用符合中文的表达方式进行翻译,译者方可达到翻译的“功能对等”。如:

China shall establish or designate an official journal dedicated to the publication of all laws,regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods,services,TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and,after publication of its laws,regulations or other measures in such journal,shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented,except for those laws,regulations and other measures involving national security,specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement.

编辑老师为大家整理了3000字语言文化论文，希望对大家有所帮助。更多详情请点击进入英语论文。