六、形容词、副词：

1、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。

1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。

2、形容词在句子中的位置：

⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)

⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)

⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)

⑷后置的情况：

①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)

②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)

3、有关形容词的用法辨析：

⑴ whole与all：记住两个词序：① the whole + 名词; ②all (of) the + 名词。

如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙)

He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)

⑵ tall与high, short与low：指人的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物时一般用high与low。

如：He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮)

Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木)

A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)

⑶ real与true：real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。

如：This is a real diamond(钻石) and it’s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵)

Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗? 是的,我亲耳所听)

⑷ interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。如：The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)

This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受)

I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣)

⑸ such用法： such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句)。如：I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记)

⑹ good与well：表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well;表示“(身体)好”时用well.

如：Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益)

Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上)

How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗?我很好。)