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2016年中考英语辅导:短语动词和句型的讲解

编辑:

2016-01-18

(9)look for(寻找),look out(留神; 注意),look over(仔细检查),look up(向上看;抬头看),look after(照顾; 照看),look at(看; 观看),look like(看起来像),look the same(看起来像),

(10)make friends(交朋友),make phone calls(打电话),make money(赚钱),make the bed(整理床铺),make a noise(吵闹),make a faces(做鬼脸),make one’s way to(往……走去),make room for(给……腾出地方),make a decision(做出决定),make a mistake(犯错误),make up one’s mind(下决心)

(11)put on(上演;穿上;戴上),put up(挂起;举起),put down(把某物放下来),put away(把某物收起来), put off(推迟)

(12)take off(脱掉衣服),take photos(照相),take time(花费时间),take out(取出),take a seat(坐下),take an active part in(积极参加),take care of(照顾;照料;注意),take exercise(做运动),take one’s place(坐某人的位置;代替某人的职务),take turn(轮流)

(13)talk about(谈话;交谈),talk with(和……交谈)

(14)turn on(打开电灯,收音机,煤气,自来水等),turn off(关上电灯,收音机,煤气,自来水等),turn down(关小;调低),turn…over(把…..翻过来)

(15)think of(认为;想起),think about(考虑)

3.句子的基本句型结构

根据句子所用动词的不同,句子可归纳为五个基本句型。

(1)主语+连系动词+表语。例如:

My mother is a doctor.

Her voice sounds nice.

(2)主语+不及物动词。例如:

He runs fast.

We study hard.

(3)主语+及物动词+宾语。例如:

Children often sing this song.

He studies English.

1)常用-ing形式, 而不用不定式作宾语的动词有:enjoy, finish, feel like, consider, practise, keep, suggest, mind等。例如:

She enjoys reading novels and swimming.

I finished reading the book last night.

2)常用不定式,而不用-ing形式作宾语的动词有:wish, hope, agree, plan, decide, refuse等。例如:

Where do wish to sit?

Tom agreed to lend some money.

3)有些及物动词既可用不定式,由可用-ing形式作宾语,但意义不同。这类动词常见的有:remember, forget等。例如:

Please remember to post the letter for me.

请记住替我发了这封信。

I remember posting the letter.

我记得那封信寄过了。

Stop的用法同上面的词相仿,不过stop后面跟不定式不是作宾语,而是作状语。试比较下列句子:

He stopped to smoke. 他停下来吸烟。

He stopped smoking. 他停止吸烟了。

4)有些及物动词的宾语,既可用不定式,又可用-ing形式,意义基本相同。这类动词常见的有:like, love, hate, begin, start, continue等。例如:

I like to swim in summer.

I like swimming in summer.

(4)主语+及物动词+ 间接宾语+直接宾语。例如:

My father bought me a new bike.

He gave me an apple.

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