教学目标

1. 掌握且能运用有关询问某人身体状况的日常用语，能述说健康状况以及谈论病情和给出建议或要求的日常交际用语。

2. 掌握本单元的词汇和习惯用语，特别是短语make up one’s mind, as if, at least等的用法。

3. 进一步学习动词不定式，学习用it 来充当形式主语的用法，有时还用it 来充当形式宾语，而真正的主语或宾语后置句末。如：I found it difficult to learn English well.

4. 认真学习”The man who loved dogs”和”Cody saves the baby”，体会人与动物自然、友好相处的和谐。

本单元词汇、短语及习惯用语

一、本单元所出现的词组和短语

make up one’s mind 下决心

regard…as … 把……当作……;当作

as if 好像

at sea 在大海上

just as… 正象;恰与……相同

mobile phone 可移动电话

half an hour 半小时

at all 根本;全然

at least 至少;起码

a doctor for animals 兽医

wag its tail, or put its ears straight up 摇尾巴或把耳朵竖起来

To help animals is helping people. 帮助动物就是帮助人类。

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

find something about him on the internet 在网上找到有关他的资料

a pet dog named Don 一条被叫做Don的爱犬

no matter 不管

before long 不久

work on 从事于……工作

be on the safe side 万无一失

to speak well of everyone 说别人好话

to complain too often 报怨太多

二、交际用语和句型

交际用语

表示肯定和不肯定 Expressing certainty and uncertainty

We can find ….我们能找到……。

喜好和厌恶 Like and dislikes

I like …. 我喜欢……。

I really love …. 我真的喜欢……。

I like to work with …. 我喜欢和……工作。

Do you like being …? 你愿意成为……吗?

请求允许和应答 Asking for permission and responses

— Can I ask you some questions? 我能问您一些问题吗?

— Sure. 当然可以。

主要句型

a. 陈述句

It is interesting to play with pets. 和宠物玩是有趣的。

To do the job well is not easy. 做好这项工作是不容易的。

It’s better to give than to receive. 奉献总比索取好。

To make a mistake is human. 犯错误是人之常情。

b. 疑问句

Is it easy to heal children? 给孩子治病容易吗?

But isn’t it more important to help people than animals? 但是难到帮助人类不比帮助动物更重要吗?

c. 否定句

It is not easy to learn maths well. 学好数学是不容易的。

教学建议(一)

教材内容分析

本单元主要学习询问身体健康状况、谈论身体状况以及对身体健康方面的一些忠告或建议、要求等的日常交际用语，还学习了一些常用语及部分同义或近义词的用法。在学习对话的同时，复习归纳了现在完成时时态，强调现在完成时态不能使用过去的时间状语。进一步学习了动词不定式，学习用it 来充当形式主语的用法。 通过对课文The man who loved dogs和Cody saves the baby的学习， 来体会人与动物友好相处的和谐。 同时要掌握本单元的短语和习惯用语。

关于阅读训练的教学建议

第15单元第58课与60课都是以叙事的方式，讲述关于狗的故事。The man who loved dogs讲述的是James Herriot做为兽医的艰苦历程和他对职业的奉献精神。Cody saves the baby讲述的是一只狗在地震时救了小主人的经过。两篇文章内容除了一些生词外，没有出现较难的语法项目。对于这样的语篇，可以通过教学设计，提高学生的阅读技巧和阅读速度。并在课堂练习或课后练习时，再阅读其他小短文，演练一下所学的方法，进而达到学会读大意，抓主题的快速阅读的目的。

让学生先对生词和短语进行熟悉，先看课后的习题或相关练习。再开始在限定的时间内通读全文，找出答案。再读课文，将事件的经过用几句话总结一下。并找几个同学试着复述课文，经过几次复述，对课文有个整体的掌握。教师应在此时引导学生注意阅读技巧，让学生反思有哪些问题可以通过改变阅读方式来解决。每篇文章都有重要的主题句，和一条或几条线索，抓住了主线，其他的内容都是作为辅助和注解出现的。根据此种阅读方法，提供另外篇阅读短文，进行课堂练习。

dolphin

Long ago, dogs and horses were tamed to become mans helpers on land. Today some people believe that dolphins may become mans helpers in the sea Proof that a dolphin can be trained to assist man appeared in 1965. The U.S. Navy used the services of a seven-foot dolphin, Tuffy.

Tuffy worked with divers at the Navys Man-in-the-Sea station off the coast of California. He acted as messenger to a ten-man team whose underwater home was Sealab II, 205 feet deep.

Wearing a plastic harness, Tuffy carried letters in a waterproof tube. He also carried tools for the undersea workers. Tuffy learned to answer calls for help. Pretending to be lost, an aquanaut

would sound a buzzer. Another aquanaut would fasten one end of a line to Tuffys harness .Tuffy would speed to the rescue.

More and more , it seems likely that old tales of dolphins willingness to help man are closer to truth than to fiction .

1. The land animals dolphins are compared to are

A. oxen and horses B. dogs and cats

C. dogs and horses D. None of the above

2. The name of the trained dolphin was

A. Toughy B. Tuffy C. Tufty D. None of the above

3. The services of the dolphin were used by the

A. Government of California B. U.S. Army

C. U.S. Navy D. Scripps Institution of Oceanography

4. The article does not say that

A. the station was named Sealab II B. the stations depth was 205 feet

C. ten men were in the underwater team D. the men spent fifteen days at the station

5. For all his chores, the dolphin

A. wore a plastic harness B. carried a waterproof tube

C. carried a line D. carried tools

6. The signal for the dolphins rescue chore was a

A. shout B. bell C. buzzer D. whistle

7. The purpose of the line the dolphin took was to

A. save the aquanaut from drowning B. lead the aquanaut back to the others

C. help the aquanaut to guide the dolphin D. carry a light to the aquanaut

8. The author suggests that this modern example makes old tales about dolphins seem

A. more truth than fiction B. more fiction than truth

C. half truth and half fiction D. entirely fiction

参考答案：

1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A

Swallows

简介

(1) 本文简单介绍了燕子的生活习性。

(2) 对小动物的介绍一般都是从细节到它的生活习性。

There are different kinds of swallows. Some swallows make their homes in the sand; others build their nests under the roofs. They make their nests of earth and grass.

It takes them several days to build a nest. They have to work in the early morning. The swallow lays five or six eggs at a time. The mother bird sits on them, and the father bird watches by her side and gives some food to her.

You must not think that when swallows fly over your head, they arent working. No! Life is work to them. The young swallows eat a lot and they are busy catching the insects for them. So they have to work from early morning till late at night. At last the young birds can fly well, but the old ones cant rest. They began to think about their second family, for they have two broods every season.

When the second brood can fly, too, its time to think about going to the warmer countries, and when spring comes, theyll return.

1.注解

(1) swallow n. 燕子

(2) nest n. 巢

(3) roof n. 屋顶

(4) lay v. 产(卵)

(5) insect n. 昆虫

(6) brood n. 一窝所孵的幼雏

2..思考题

(1) Can you see swallows easily now? Why?

(2) In what way can we protect (保护) this kind of animal?

教学建议(二)

关于写作训练的教学建议

本单元第60课的第4项是写作训练。主要是叙述父母的职业。根据本单元关于动物的主题，这里建议写作内容可选择以动物为主题。

动物是人类的朋友，我们应当爱惜它们。人与动物和平相处，世界会变得更加美好。由于近几年保护动物的呼声日益高涨，各国各地区分别开辟和划分大片土地作为野生动物园，从此，野生动物有了属于自己的家园，动物的数量和种类都相应增加。为了便于人们观赏海洋动物，了解海底世界，海洋馆也应运而生。

请就此题材写一篇短文，描写你参观海洋馆的情况，及个人对此的感受。

[分析与引导]

此篇短文类似于游记，要求写出时间、地点、人物、事件、经过和观后感受。应按照时间的先后顺序写，内容要详略得当，突出重点，特别是在“人与自然”这方面应有所体现，尽力表达人与动物和平共处的和谐之美，使读者有身临其境之感，引起共鸣。

[范文与点评]

A visit to the world under the sea

Have you ever been to the world under the sea ? I have been there once.

It was a sunny morning. I with my father went there on a bus. It was a little far from my home. It took us about two hours to get there. After getting the tickets, we went in.

First, we went into a large hall. There I saw a pond with several dolphins. We were told that there would be a performance in ten minutes, so we found a good place for watching. Soon a beautiful girl came out and the performance began. The dolphins performed very well and all the people there watched carefully and such words as Wonderful, Great, Good, Cool could be heard again and again.

Then, we came to the touching pool. There were some small fish in it and visitors could touched them with their hands softly. And the girl working there explained their names to us. It was not easy to touch them in my life , so I played there for a long time. It was very interesting.

At last, when it was nearly the lunch time, it was the time for another performance of all kinds of fish and a diver. At this time many fish came here for their lunch and the diver gave them their food. The diver was a young beautiful girl and she said Hello to us with her hands. It was difficult for her to feed the fish because some of them were dangerous, especially sharks. I was worried about her all the time, but the girl did it easily and well. We could see that she had become a good friend of sharks and many other animals. We felt very excited and thanked her a lot.

It was a good visit and it was a good lesson for me, too. People and animals are good friends and we should live together well. I should learn from the girl feeling fish. Nothing is too difficult if we put our hearts into it. If we have a great goal, we should try to do it well and we will be the winners.

本文符合游记的要求，时间、地点、人物、事件及其先后顺序和教益都交代的很好，特别是“人鲨共舞”场面的描写很精彩，充分体现了“人与自然和谐相处”这一主题思想，读后能使人引起共鸣，达到了教育的目的。

第57与59课对话及不定式做主语的教学建议

57课是以为狗看病为话题的对话，从一对父子的谈话中，可以看出作为兽医的父亲对自己的职业的热爱，以及对动物与人之间关系的理解。并引出了不定式作主语的用法。59课是母子谈论医生这一职业的对话，引出了it作为形式主语的不定式结构。

建议这两课的教学过程 有机结合，巧妙地安排授课时间，完成这部分内容的学习。先让同学们对这两课内容一起预习，主要是熟悉生词和语法。上课时，围绕着职业的谈论展开，引出相关的教材内容，再反复练习不定式作主语的句型。

可以先引导谈论他们将来想选择的职业，提出问题：

What kinds of jobs do you know?

What would you like to be in the future?

What are your parents job?

Do your parents like their job? Why or why not?

在适当的情况下提示学生一些职业的说法。对有些职业的名称可参考下文提供的《关于职业的英语词汇》。

然后让学生熟悉对话的内容，如通过放录音、看影片、或阅读教材来实现。再进一步对不定式作主语的句子进行分析：

To be a doctor for animals is very rewarding.

To help animals is helping people.

To do what the doctor tells you is important.

可以将以上两句与下句进行比较，突出不定式是怎样作为主语出现的：

To many people, a pet is like one of the family.

可将学生分成两组做练习。给A组一些单词，如：

easy, hard, dangerous, necessary, important, difficult, useful, clever, meaningful, interesting, happy, sad, …

给B组一些不定式短语，如：

to help animal

to go swimming

to do shopping

to drink water

to kill a bird

to find a lost book

to climb the hill

to travel by air

让B组的同学读出不定式短语，A组同学在限定的时间内选择形容词连成句，如：

Its meaningful to help animal.

Its interesting to go swimming.

Its necessary to drink water.

Its difficult to find a lost book.

…