2012高考英语专家解读：阅读理解的做题方法
2012-04-12
动词 名词 名词 形容词
believe belief reality real
weigh weight absence absent
4. 在每段复习都要重视单词
单词复习要逐步收缩范围， 每次都有侧重。
在一轮复习时要全面， 侧重对8个字母以上的单词的重音掌握。 命制测试卷要突出基本词汇和短语。 教师要有意识地让学生做词形辨析：
Journey journal dairy diary
breath breathe abroad board
在二轮复习时 主抓重点词汇(黑体字)
在最后归纳高考英语单词拼写必背表，缩小到300-350个词汇
5. 做相关的训练
辨别词性：
划分句子结构，结合句意，判断词类
造句练习
汉语意义的记忆办法
做英文释义填空，
给汉语提示填写单词
给首字母填写单词
单词拼写训练方法：
1. 准确发音，准确记忆单词，收集归纳常错的单词拼写形式 convenient
2. 加ed，ing，er等词尾;双写单词;名词复数;不规则名词的拼写错误;词尾是以元音加y或ie的词的变化。
3. 形容词与副词辨析，以ly结尾是形容词的词，ly结尾的副词，形容词语副词同形的词。
4. 后缀ar，or，er的混淆(professor;grammar，conductor)
5.字母ei，ie的颠(receive believe)
6.同源词pronounce- pronunciation
7.不发音字母而漏写 Christmas
8. 十二个月、星期、四季、序数词， 长宽高的名词等
第六种题型：短文改错在高考英语中的出题特点及应试技巧
考点分布均衡 难度较大
考查点
(1)名词复数; (2)动词时态;
(3)非谓语动词; (4)代词;
(5)少词; (6)冠词;
(7)形容词/副词
短文改错口诀
名词爱考数与格，冠词在前错多少，
动词时态和语态，非谓搭配莫错了，
连、代、形、副各一样，多是故意来混淆
介词多半考搭配，多漏误用想周到
句法涉及到一致， 从句多考关系词
词法句法均未错， 逻辑意义去寻找
解题技巧
1. 通读全文
2. 分句阅读，逐行找错
3. 排除法
复习建议
1. 限时专项训练改错
2.在写作训练， 或批改试卷时手机学生的错误并练习改错
3.引导学生相互批改习作，让他们欣赏的同时也可有意识地把该习作进行一下“改错”。
4.平时还可以多进行单句改错练习，逐渐体会和把握短文改错这一题型的规律
5. 把历年有短文改错的真题：
全国卷， 全国II 卷， 新课标全国卷，
重庆卷， 辽宁卷， 四川卷(旧题型)
浙江卷，陕西卷
让学生集中训练，归纳出常考点，试着命制改错题
6. 让把自己较差的作文改编成改错材料
7. 更正学生的误解
“只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分”
注意下面几点
1. 标点符号不改.
2. 大小写不改.
3. 词序错误不改.
4. 在纲外生词不改.
5. 注意一对一原则
6. 注意答题规范
写作
半开放式，贴近学生生活
高考英语作文不出偏题，怪题
作文的常见形式和体裁：
从作文形式来看，主要是采用短文写作形式，
从要求上来讲，是应用文体：书信
从实质上讲，是叙事性质、陈说性质、议论性质和混合性质(陈说+议论性质或叙事+议论性质)等写作形式。
书面表达的话题特点
1. 与中学生生活密切相关的活动
(课外活动、办报、度假等)
2. 中学生所熟知的一般外事活动
(外教、外国笔友、外国留学生、外国访客等)
3. 就中学生所熟知的一般社会现象或活动发表
看法(家务事、学习、零花钱问题)
书面表达评分原则
1. 本题总分为30分，按五个档次给分。?
2. 评分时，首先根据作文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。?
3.词数少于100的，从得分中减去2分。?
4.评分的观察点为：写作要点、应用词汇和语法结构的多样性、准确性以及上下文的连贯性 ?
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6.如书写较差，影响交际，将分数降低一个档次
如何写好文章
整体三部分
1、Heading
点题;一两个句子;概括性;暗示性
2. Body
中心记述部分;层次分明
3. Ending
小结;呼应主题
增强书面表达效果的技巧
1. 使用较高级的词汇
2. 使用较丰富的句式
利用不同的句型来表达同一个意思，能增加文章的文采。
1)感叹句!
2)强调句：动词强调， 强调句型
3)倒装句： not only…but also , only 倒装
4)省略句
5) with短语
6)定语从句
7)各种名词性从句
8) 各种状语从句
必须熟记的作文重点句式
每天写出10个句子
每天记两三句
第一部分
1. It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population. 一定要指出的是国家基本政策之一是在提高人口质量的同时控制人口增长。
2. It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work.
一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。
3. It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we cannot overcome.
从这里可看出，世上没有克服不了的困难。
4. As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。
5. It is a common saying that where there is a will ,there is a way.俗话说，有志者，事竟成。
7. It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。
8. It‘s hard to say whether the plan is practical.
这个计划是否实际很难说。
9. There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.毫无疑问，你有困难时，会得到别人的帮助。
10. To tell the truth , many mistakes we made could have been avoided.老实说我们所犯的许多错误本来都能够避免的。
11. As we know, it was not until recently that the problem was solved.
正如我们指的的一样，直到最近，这个问题才被解决。
13. All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。
14. As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.到目前为止我们所知道的是，他用了10年的时间来写这本书。
15. It has been proved that his theory is right.已经证明，他的理论是对的。
17. To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.
老实说，不论你喜不喜欢，你别无选择。
19. We will be successful as long as we insist on working hard.
只要我们坚持努力工作，我们会成功的。
21. It is true that we must make our greater efforts; otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.
是真的，我们要作出更大的努力，不然/否则，我们不能赶上发达国家。
22. I take it for granted that they will support this idea.
我认为他们会支持这个提议是理所当然的。
24. In a certain sense, a successful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.
在某种情况下，一个成功的科学家就是一个绝不满足于自己已取得的成就的人。
25. There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production. 不可否认的事实是，新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。
26. Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn‘t say a word.
一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。
27, As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
俗话说，世上无难事，只怕有心人。
28. Noting can prevent us from realizing the four modernizations.没有事情可以阻止我们实现四个现代化。
29. Now in China, more and more families can afford to buy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, video-recorders.在今时今日的中国，越来越多的家庭有能力买高档次的货物，例如洗衣机、电视机和录像机。
30. No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.
不管英语有多么难，你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。
第二部分
1. The number of visitors has increased year by year. As a result of Reform and Open Policy, the number of them has been increasing greatly each year.游客的数量逐年递增，由于改革开发政策，游客的数量已经每年大幅增加。
2. You will forget your tiredness and build up your health.你会忘记疲劳，建造健康。
3. But sometimes traveling is not an enjoyable thing, for example, the weather can be changeable. You may be caught in the rain and may catch a cold while travelling. 但有时候，旅游不一定是一件令人享受的事，举个例子，天气多变。你有可能在旅程中被雨淋或着凉感冒。
4. The worst thing is that you may have your money stolen and you may have an injury. All these are terrible things which can happen to a tourist.最糟糕的事情事你的钱可能被偷或者你也能发生意外。所有这些事情都是有可能发生在你身上的。
5. you must be careful everywhere and try to avoid accidents.你必须要处处小心，尽量去避免意外。
6.Our factories will try our best to meet the requirements of consumers.我们的工厂们会尽最大努力来满足顾客们的要求。
7.Last Sunday, our class organized some volunteer’s activities, in which all of us took an active part.上个星期天，我们班组织一些志愿活动，我们所有人都参加了。
8.These volunteer’s activities can help us to gain some social experience and make good sense of our personal values as well.这些义务活动能帮我们获取一些社会经验同时也能帮我们意识到自身的价值。
9. Group three helped to raise money in the street for the “Hope Project”, so that more children in poor areas can afford their schooling.第三组帮忙到街上集款给“希望工程”，以至于有更多的贫困地区的孩子们能读得起书。
10. Compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more interesting and lively.与传统的卡片相比，电子卡更有趣和生动。
11.All the teachers and the students are expected to be present at the art festival. There is sure to be a lot of fun. Do come and join us.所有的老师和学生都要出席学校的艺术节。到时肯定很好玩。请务必到场加入我们。
12.Although Li Hua was the last one to cross the finishing line, he won the “Courage Cup” with honor. I was deeply touched by Li Hua’s great determination. 虽然李华是最后一个冲线的人，但他赢得了勇气杯。我被李华的坚强意志深深地感动了。
第三部分
1. 不用说…
It goes without saying that子句
= (It is) needless to say (that)子句
= It is obvious that子句
= Obviously， S. + V.
eg：It goes without saying that it pays to
keep early hours.
2. …是不可能的; 无法…
There is no V+ing
= There is no way of V+ing.
= There is no possibility of V+ing.
= It is impossible to V.
= It is out of the question to V.
= No one can V.
= We cannot V.
eg: There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.
3. …无论如何强调都不为过
… cannot be overemphasized
eg: The importance of traffic safety cannot be
overemphasized.
4. 就我的看法…;我认为…
In my opinion， …
= To my mind， …。
= As far as I am concerned， …
= I am of the opinion that子句
= As far as my knowledge is concerned，…
eg: In my opinion， playing video games not only
takes much time but is also harmful to health.
5: 每个人都知道…
Everyone knows (that)子句
It is universally acknowledged that ….
As is known to all, …
It is well known that …
6. 随着人口的增加…
With the increase/growth of the population， …
随着科技的进步， …
With the advance of science and technology， …
7. … 是必要的 It is necessary that S (should) V
… 是重要的 It is important/essential / vital that …
… 是适当的 It is proper that S (should) V
… 是紧急的 It is urgent that S (should) V
It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.
8. 每当我听到…我就忍不住感到兴奋。
Whenever I hear …， I cannot but feel excited.
每当我做…我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I do …， I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到…我就忍不住感到紧张。
Whenever I think of …， I cannot but feel nervous.
每当我遭遇…我就忍不住感到害怕。
Whenever I meet with …， I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。
Whenever I see …， I cannot but feel surprised.
9. 据说… It is said (that)子句
一般认为… It is thought (that)子句
大家都知道… It is known (that)子句
据报导… It is reported (that)子句
一般预料… It is expected (that)子句
一般估计… It is estimated (that)子句
一般相信… It is believed (that)子句
10. …的主要理由是…
The main reason why ……… is (that)子句
11. 俗语说得好：“…”。
Well goes an old saying， “…”
= As an old saying goes (runs， says)， “…”
= An old saying goes， “…”
= It’s an old saying (that)子句
eg: As an old saying goes，
“Honesty is the best policy.”
12. …用下列方法…
… in the following ways.
…有三个主要理由。
… for three major reasons.
要…至少我们可做三件事。
To …， there are at least three things we can do.
eg: I increase my confidence in the following ways.
It is quite obvious/clear that… ( 很显然……)
There is no doubt that… (毫无疑问……)
Take …as an example. (以……为例)
On one hand,… on the other hand… (一方面，……另一方面)
Only in this way shall we… (只有这样我们才能……)
As far as…is concerned, I prefer…(就……而言，我更……)
Measures/Action should be taken to…(必须采取措施去……)
For the reasons given above, I feel that…(鉴于以上原因，我觉得
What these people fail to consider is that…(这些人没有想到的是..)
Undoubtedly there is a long way to go before…(毫无疑问要……
还有很长的路要走)
使用恰当的连接词
1. 表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容
另外，还有：what is more; besides;
also; moreover; in addition
2. 表示转折关系， 一般后面才是作者观点
但是， 然而， 相反
however， on the other hand
despite ，in spite of ，
though ，although ， but ， on the
contrary，otherwise， yet ， instead of ， rather ，whereas ， nonetheless， in contrast
3. 表示因果关系
因为，因此，所以: since; as; because
(of ); so; thus; therefore; as a result;
4. 表示条件关系
如果，只要: if ;on condition ( that );
as long as
除非: unless 否则: or else
5. 表示时间关系
当… 的时候 : when ; while
在…之后: after 在…之前: before
直到: until
一…就… : as soon as
后来， 然后: later; afterwards
不久: soon 近来: lately; recently
自从… :since 从那时起: from then on
6. 表示特定的顺序关系
首先， 最主要的: above all
其次: secondly 然后: then; next
最后: finally; in the end
7. 换一种方法表述
换句话说: in other words;
that is to say;
8. 进行举例说明
例如，比如: for instance; for example;
like; such as
9. 用于陈述事实
实际上: in fact; actually;
as a matter of fact
跟你说实话 : to tell you the truth
10. 对一个话题进行总结
总而言之，总的来说:
in conclusion， in summary ， lastly ， finally ， to sum up ， to conclude ， in short ， in a word
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