【解析】

试题分析：文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。

36. D 考查名词辨析。A答案;B原因;C项目;D问题。根据第二行“the world...”可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选D。

37. B 考查名词辨析。A礼物;B垃圾;C债务;D产品。句意：因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆积成了山，故选B。

38. B 考查动词辨析。句意：A面对;B变得;C观察，庆祝;D改变。根据“first of all...”可知，这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，故选B。

39. C 考查动词辨析。A躲藏;B控制;C代替;D撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，故选C。

40. A 考查短语辨析。A多亏;B至于;C除了;D不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多，故选A。

51. C 考查动词辨析。A显示，展示;B记录;C减少;D测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾，故选C。

52. B 名词辨析。A技术;B环境;C消费者;D品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境，故选B。

53. A 考查副词辨析。A然而;B要不然;C因此;D同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的，故选A。

54. D 考查介词辨析。A通过;B支持;C在......之后;D代替，而不是。句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们，故选D。

55. C 考查动词辨析。A花费，度过;B收集;C修理;D宣传。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句“repairing...”可知答案，故选C。

考点：社会类短文阅读

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(福建卷)

One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it.

Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.

Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly ( 刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.

Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding, 49 when we're honest, we can be sharply 50 of  the world. I'm not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 53 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 54 .

Train yourself to "bite your tongue" , and with a little 55, you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

36. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy

37. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected

38. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered I). spoiled

39. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing

40. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising

41. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation

42. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible

43. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure

44. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice

45. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit

46. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about

47. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle

48. A. family B. life C. career D. education

49. A. so B. or C. but D. for

50. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical

51. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore

52. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse

53. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far

54. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty

55. A. practice B. speech C. rest D pity

【答案】

36.B 37.A 38.C 39.D 40.B 41.A 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.C 46.A 47.C 48.B 49.C 50.D

51.D 52.B 53.A 54.B 55.A

37.A考查动词辨析A.received接受;B.answered回答;C.expected期望;D.rejected排斥。几年以前，我收到一个来自17岁女孩kerry的信。故选A

38.C考查动词辨析A.threatened威胁;B.interrupted打扰;C.bothered麻烦;D.spoiled娇惯。这个叫做Kerry的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。故选C

39.D考查不定代词辨析A.anything任何事;B.everything每一件事;C.something某事;D.nothing没有事。人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的，故选D

40.B考查形容词辨析A.caring关心的;B.boring糟糕的;C.interesting有趣的;D.surprising令人惊奇的。她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常糟糕的人。故选B

41.A考查名词辨析A.attitude态度;B.plan计划;C.measure措施;D.explanation解释。不幸的，一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度。故选A

42.D考查形容词辨析A.urgent 经济的;B.unnecessary不必要的;C.certain确定的;D.impossible不可能的。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天Kerry拜访了她的朋友…故选D

43.C考查名词辨析A.occasion场合;B.event事项;C.accident事故;D.adventure冒险。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光…故选C

44.D考查名词辨析A.memory记忆;B.notice注意;C.evidence证据;D.choice选择。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的…故选D

45.C考查动词辨析A.hear听;B.contribute贡献;C.express表达;D.admit承认、许可。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的。故选C

46.A考查短语辨析A.aware of注意; B.afraid of担心;C.curious about对…好奇;D.confused about对…迷惑。直到他的朋友受了重伤，Kerry才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。故选A

50.D考查形容词辨析A.proud骄傲的;B.sure确定的;C.hopeful有希望的;D.critical批判的。可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。故选D

51.D考查动词辨析A.face面对;B.create创造;C.solve解决;D.ignore忽略。我并不是在建议你无视问题。故选D

52.B考查形容词比较级辨析A.rarer更稀罕的;B.better更好的;C.stranger更奇怪的;D.worse更坏的。我也不是在建议你假装事物比它们自身更好。故选B

53.A考查短语辨析A.at least至少;B.at last最后;C.by far到现在为止;D.so far迄今为止。至少在大多数时间里，你学着容忍事物的原态。故选A

54.B考查名词辨析A.task任务;B.deal处理、交易;C.result计划;D.duty责任。尤其是当这不是一个特别大的事情。故选B

55.A考查名词辨析A.practice实践;B.speech演讲;C.rest休息;D.pity遗憾。训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅长放手。故选A

考点：记叙文阅读。

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)

How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.

Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!

When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.

People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.

On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.

As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.

1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered

2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely

3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately

4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately

5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier

6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing

7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure

8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value

9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases

10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet

11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases

12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices

13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement

14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission

15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay

【答案】

1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D7.C 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D

6.D考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：作为中年和老年的分界线，65岁可能已经过时了。finishing 完成;guiding 指导，指引;waiting 等待;dividing划分。根据文意可知，把65岁当做中年和老年的分界线，这已经不适合现在的形势了。dividing line分界线，故选D。

7.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：毕竟，很多老年人直到75岁之后才开始经历身体和精神的衰落。stress 压力，压迫;damage 损坏;decline 衰落，衰弱;failure失败。根据句意可知，现在很多老年人是在75岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选C。

8.A考查动词及语境的理解。句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来。survive 幸存;enjoy 喜欢，欣赏;remember 记得;value价值，估价。根据这一段的内容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选A。

9.D考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。problems 问题;fears 恐惧，害怕;worries 担心;diseases 疾病。根据句意可知，以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低。故选D。

10.B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理。poor 穷的;young 年轻的;sick 病的;quiet 安静的。根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young就是年少死去。故选B。

11.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。changes 改变;recovery 恢复;safety 安全;increases 增长，增加。根据下文中Some people fear such changes will…可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A。

12.B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。dreams 梦想;chances 机会;strengths 力量;choices 选择。根据句意可知，这句话中的while 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B。

13.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻。mind 心态;appearance 外表;voice 声音;movement移动。根据句意可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A。

14.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献。protection 保护;suggestions 建议;contributions 贡献;permission允许。根据文意可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选C。

15.D考查动词及语境的理解。句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。sound 听起来;appear 好像;出现;turn 转，变成;stay保持。根据文意可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献。故应选D。

【考点定位】社会现象类短文。

最后，希望精品小编整理的历年高考完形填空真题专练对您有所帮助，祝同学们学习进步。

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