2014年高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习及答案

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2014年高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习及答案

阅读理解

(2012·湖南长、望、浏、宁一模，C篇)

Developed and developing nations can learn from each other seeking a low­carbon economy，a Chinese government official said in Shanghai yesterday.

“China doesn't lag developed nations in terms of energy saving and green economy”，said Zhou Changyi，director of the energy saving department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

“While we can learn many aspects from developed nations，they also should learn something from us，such as water conservation，” Zhou said in a speech during the new Path of China's Industrilization forum at the ongoing China International Industry Fair 2009.

He said industrilized nations and China are dealing with different issues to combat climate change.The United Kingdom，for example，is concerned about transport，buildings and new energy in reducing carbon emmissions.For China，the most urgent task is how to realize new­type of industrilization and avoid mistakes that other countries made when they industrilized.

As such，overseas exhibitors at this year's fair are showing ways to help China achieve low carbon emissions in the industrial section.

Swiss power and automation technology group ABB called for a stronger focus on product life­cycle assesment，or LCA，which is used to study the environmental impact of a product from the research and manufaturing stage through its usage and recycling.

Tobias Becker，head of ABB's process automation division for North Asia and China，said LCA is an effective tool in helping manufacturing industries to reduce carbon emissions.

LCA shows that industrial customers should focus on a product's environmental impact throughout its life­cycle instead of on its initial investment or ready­to­use stage.For example，a motor's initial investment accounts for only 3 percent of its life­cycle cost，while 94 percent goes to fuel consumption and the rest to maintenance.

Richard Hausmann，North East Asia CEO of Siemens，said，“The color of future industrilization is green.”

The Germany Company recently announces that it wants to receive orders worth more than 6 billion Euros (US 8.8 billion) for intelligent net power networks，Smart Grid，over the next five years.Siemens has set a 20 percent market share target for the global smart grid business.

A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using digital technology，advanced sensors specialized computers that save energy，reduce costs and increase reliability.The United States and China are considered the two biggest markets for smart grid.

1.“______” can replace the underlined word “lag”.

A.Fall behind B.Be superior to

C.Attack D.Fear

2.Which of the following about LCA is TRUE?

A.LCA is used to study the impact on a product.

B.LCA can help manufacturing industries decrease carbon release a lot.

C.LCA shows industrial customers should focus on a product's environmental influence on its initial investment.

D.LCA was one of the exhibitions at this year's fair.

3.We can infer ______ from the eleventh paragraph of this passage.

A.Siemens has occupied 20 percent market share for the global smart grid business

B.Siemens received orders worth 6 billion Euros recently

C.Siemens will earn $ 8.8 billion from intelligent power networks

D.Siemens' plan about Smart Grid may come true in the future

4.______ about Smart Grid isn't mentioned in the passage.

A.Energy­saving B.Low­cost

C.Security D.Small in size

5.The best title for the passage ______.

A.Developed and Developing Nations Can Learn From Each Other

B.Low­carbon Economy—a Shared Goal

C.Intelligent Power Networks

D.Two Biggest Markets for Smart Grid

参考答案-----7

1.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段“China doesn't lag developed nations in terms of energy saving and green economy，...”可知，就节能和绿色经济方面，中国并不落后于发达国家，所以选择A项。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第七段内容可知，LCA可以帮助生产企业减少碳的排放，所以B项正确。

3.D　推理判断题。由第十一段可知，“智能电网”不仅可以节能，降低成本，而且还能提高可靠性。美国和中国将成为智能电网最大的市场。综上所述可知，西门子推出的智能电网计划得以实现的可能性很大。D项正确。

4.D　细节理解题。最后一段内容没有提及“智能电网”的大小和规模，所以选择D项。

5.B　主旨大意题。文章第一段表明发展中国家和发达国家就寻求低碳经济发展上可以互相借鉴，这是他们共同的目标。由此可知B项符合。

技巧点拨

高考英语阅读理解部分考查的重点之一是考生对于文章细节信息的捕捉、理解和分析能力。细节题的比重一般为五分之一,换句话说,高考英语阅读理解的五篇文章中,每篇文章都至少设有一道细节题。细节题主要考查考生对文章中阐述主题的细节与具体事实的把握能力,内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。细节题属于浅层理解题,难度较低,答案明确具体,考生一般可以从阅读材料中直接找到。因此,解答这类试题时,考生应快速阅读材料,抓住其大意后,迅速浏览考题,选定关键词,然后带着这些关键词,运用查读法,迅速查找相关信息,进而分析这些信息的结构和意义,理清逻辑关系,最后选出正确答案。

仔细研究高考英语真题,我们会发现,细节题主要是针对文章中的某个短语、某个从句或某个完整的句子而设置,其中又以针对句子设题的情况居多。下面我们将结合真题,具体分析细节题的命题思路、解题方法和技巧。

针对定语从句的关系词设题

我们知道,英语中的基本句型的语序大致上是固定不变的,但有些时候,由于表达的需要,某些句子的成分或位置会发生变化,如定语从句中的状语(关系副词)前移等。这种变化往往会令考生感到迷惑,于是命题者就常常利用这种变化设置考题。

例1:Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station (加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas. (2006年全国卷I,B篇)