一、教法建议

【抛砖引玉】

单元双基学习目标

Ⅰ. 四会单词和词组：have a seat , quarrel , long before , dare , upon , fasten , gun , again and again , blow (n .) , hall

三会单词和词组：personal , affair , relative , delay , pillow , nail , chest , pay … a visit , furniture , armchair , pet , doubt , silence , in silence , living room , strike , scream , snake , tiny , nephew , niece , connect to

Ⅱ. 交际英语：

1. I’m afraid I have to go now .

2. It is time sb + 动词的过去式

3. I hope you have a good journey back to …

4. It was nice to meet you .

5. Please remember me to sb请代我向……问好

6. I called to tell you that …

7. I’d like you to meet …

8. Thanks again for calling .

9. It is very kind of you to do …

10. I have to see to . 我必须处理 。

Ⅲ. 语法重点：

本单元复习过去分词作定语和状语的用法。过去分词可以作名词的前置定语，也可以作名词的后置定语。当过去分词作状语时，要注意其逻辑主语的问题。

另外要学习同源宾语的用法，如：( page 2 Unit 13 )

Einstein ( lived ) the rest of his ( life ) quietly in the USA . ( 爱因斯坦在美国静静地度过了余生 ) 。其中宾语 life 与 live 是同源的名词，即同源宾语 ( cognate object ) 。这是中学英语课本中十分常见的语法现象，这种宾语用在某些不及物动词之后，并往往有定语修饰，现举例如下：

1 . My grandmother lives a happy life in the countryside . 我的祖母在乡下过着幸福的生活。

2 . Premier Zhou Enlai fought a hard fight against “Gang of Four” . 周恩来总理与“四人帮”进行了一场艰苦的斗争。

3 . He breathed his last breath last night . 昨天夜里他咽了最后一口气。

4 . He laughed a hearty laugh at the good news . 听到好消息后他开心地笑了。

5 . Chris will sing us a pop song . 克莉斯将给我们唱首流行歌曲。

6 . Her son died a hero's death in the war . 她儿子在战争中英勇牺牲了。

7 . She sleeps a sweet sleep only on Sundays . 只有在周日她才能甜美地睡一觉。

8 . I dreamed a pleasant dream last night . 昨天夜里我做了个愉快的梦。

9 . My father signed a deep sign . 我父亲深深地叹了一口气。

10 . My mother smiled a happy smile when I passed the entrance examination .当我通过了入学考试时，我妈妈幸福地笑了。

【指点迷津】

单元重点词汇点拨

1. delay推迟;耽搁

What delayed you so long yesterday ?

The train was delayed one hour by the accident .

〖点拨〗without delay毫无耽搁地，立即。after a delay of two hours延迟两个小时以后。

注意：delay + -ing推迟干……。如：I’ll delay answering his letter until I feel like writing .

另外，put off + ing推迟干……。如：They put off holding the sports meet .

2. quarrel争吵;吵架

He had a quarrel with his wife about / over the housework .

〖点拨〗quarrel with sb about / over sth因为……向某人争吵

3. dare与need

dare 和 need 这两个词的用法有它们独特的地方。词性有两种而且不同的词性决定了它们不同的用法。对中学生来讲掌握它们的用法有一定的难度，无论教师从理论上如何解释，但同学们在具体运用中都会出现浮光掠影，若明若暗，零乱残缺，张冠李戴的现象。这两个词难就难在对词性的判断，它们可以作为情态动词用(其后不带 to)，又可以作为行为动词用(后面要带 to)。为了便于区分其词性和掌握用法，同学们可以采用下面的口诀帮助记忆。

〖点拨〗口诀：“dare , need 真奇怪，既行为(指行为动词)又情态(指情态动词)，是行为，把 to 带(指其后用不定式)，是情态，把 to “卖”(指其后去掉 to，只用动词原形)。若 need (=want ，require) 的主语是某物，愿与 -ing (=to be done)结姻缘。”

请做以下练习：

1) Something is wrong with my watch . It needs ____ .

A . to repair B . repairing C . repaired D . being repaired

2) I ____ to ask the teachers for advice in the office .

A . dare not B . not dare C . dare don't D . don't dare

3) He ____ come to school to give us a lecture on how to learn English .

A . need B . need to C . needs D . to need

4) She ____ do so .

A . won't dare B . dare not C . will dare to D . not dare

5) We ____ to think it over before we take action .

A . needing B . needs C . need D . needed

[答案与简析]1 — 5 BDABC 。第一题选B;某物作 need 的主语，后面应用动名词的主动形式表被动含义。第二题选D;dare 用作行为动词，其否定形式应为“助动词+ not dare to do sth . ”第三题选A;need 用作情态动词，其后跟动词原形。第四题选B;dare 用作情态动词，直接加 not 表示否定。第五题选C;need 用作行为动词，主语是人称代词，其后应该是 need to do sth .

4. furniture (总称) 家具

A lot of furniture will be bought for you .

〖点拨〗furniture是不可数名词，表示件数要用量词piece / set 。如：three pieces of furniture三件家具。

5. doubt怀疑;疑虑

I have no doubt that he will pass this examination .

〖点拨〗beyond doubt =out of doubt毫无疑问。

用于肯定句时用doubt if / whether …。用于否定句时用doubt that 。

单元词组思维运用

1. have a seat =take a seat坐下

Entering the hall , he had a seat in the corner .

Have a seat and make yourself at home .

注意：have a seat用于直接引语。

2. long before =long time ago很久以前

She said that she had known your name long before .

注意：It wasn’t long before是一个常用句型，意为“不久”。before long不久以后

3. pay … a visit =pay a visit to对……进行参观;对……进行访问

That basketball team will pay Europe a visit before long .

注意：表示状态的“在……参观;在……访问”用on a visit to 。如：These singers have been on a visit to Africa for a month .

4. in silence静静地 =silently

She alone sat under the tree in silence , looking straight forward .

5. again and again =over and over反复地;再三地

The student made the spelling mistakes again and again .

6. connect to连接;相连

Please connect the two speakers to the amplifier .

注意：connect with与……相连接;与……有联系。如：She is connected with the Smiths .

7. see to处理;负责

I have some personal affairs that I have to see to .

Will you see to turning off the lights ?

8. have a good / pleasant journey一路顺风;一路平安

I hope you have a good journey back to Guangzhou .

9. fasten … to… 把……栓在……;把……系在……

He fastened a rope to a post .

10. do repairs维修;修理

A few building repairs were done a week ago .

We must do a lot of repairs on the house before we move in .

11. no matter不要紧;没关系

It’s no matter whether he will come or not .

注意：在It doesn’t matter 中，matter是动词。

12. from that moment on从那一刻起

13. a long wait等很久

There will be a long wait before the next train comes .

Word came at last after a long wait .

14. in the dark在黑暗中

It was hard to find your pen in the dark .

15. be supposed to do应该干……

We are supposed to gather at the school gate at 7:30 .

16. a length of一段

She bought two lengths of silk .

What is the length of the report ?

17. send for派人去请;派人去取

I’ll send for the magazine tomorrow .

If bitten by a snake , you should send for help and don’t walk .

18. fire back开火还击

No one was allowed to fire back unless the order was given .

二、学海导航

【学法指要】

单元难点疑点思路明晰

1. I've got some personal affairs that I have to see to . 我有些私事非处理不可。

〖明晰〗1) affair, business 作“事物”讲时，这两个词的意义很相近，常可通用。

Mind your own affairs (business) . 少管闲事。

business不能用复数，而affair特别是指重大或头绪较多的事务时，常需要复数，在下面的句子里，这两个词不能通用。

Each Ministry of Foreign Affairs lodged a protest with the other . 双方外交部向对方外交部提出抗议。

Business before pleasure . 先办正事，再谈娱乐。

2)see to有“注意，照料，保证，修理，诊治”等意思。例如：

Your shoes need seeing to . 你的鞋得修补了。

You ought to have your eyes seen to by a doctor . 你应该请医生治眼睛。

2. I dare say my uncle will . I have no other relatives . 我认为我叔父会得到这笔钱，我没有其他的亲戚。

〖明晰〗1)I dare say 的意思并不是“I dare to say”，而是和“也许”几乎同义或者等于“我想”。

I dare say you're right . 我看大概是对的。

I dare say it will come later . 我想它以后会来的。

2)dare用作情态动词时，后接动词原形，主要用于疑问句和否定句或者表示不肯定意义的各种从句中。例如：

Dare you ask him ? 你敢问他吗?

I dare not go there . 我不敢去那儿。

That is as much as I dare spend . 我只敢花那么多的钱。

3)dare作主动词时是规则动词，用法如下：

a)表示“敢”，后接动词不定式，也可省去to。例如：

I don't know how he dares to appear in public .

I've never dared go back to look . 我从来不敢回去看一下。

3. I think it will be necessary for me to pay you a visit and see where you live . 我想有必要去拜访你，看看你住在什么地方。

〖明晰〗1)句中的it用作形式主语。例如：

Is it necessary for us to meet/necessary that we meet ?我们有见面吗?

2)pay a visit (to someone or something)/pay (someone or something) a visit表示“(短时间)访问(某人，某物)”;“参观(某物)”。例如：

Shall we pay your brother a visit this afternoon ?

4. Do you see that hole high up in the wall, about 18 cm by 9 ? 你看到墙壁上方那个大约18厘米宽，9厘米高的洞没有?

〖明晰〗1)句中的high用作副词，指的是高矮;而highly表示很高的程度(意思往往是 very much)。

The plane flew high above . 飞机高高地在上空飞。

An eagle circled high overhead . 一只鹰在头上高高盘旋。

The goods on display are all very highly priced . 这些展销货物标价都很高。

He speaks very highly of the boy's behaviour . 他十分赞赏孩子的行为。

2)about 18 cm by 9用作后置定语，修饰that hole，介词by表示面积、 体积的长、宽、高。例如：

The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet . 房间宽十五英尺，长二十英尽。

5. Dr Watson and I will spend the night locked in your room . 我和华生就锁在你的房间里过夜。

〖明晰〗1)第一人称单数I与其他人连称用时，通常的词序是，第二、三人称代词在前， 第一人称代词在后。例如：

You and I can do it . 我和你都能做这件事。

You, Tom and I are to leave tonight . 我、你和汤姆今晚得离开。

2)句中的过去分词locked用作方式状语。例如：

Just then the old man entered (supported) by his son . 就在这时， 老人由儿子扶着走了进来。

He turned away (disappointed) . 他失望地走开了。

She went home (exhausted) . 她回到家时已精疲力尽了。

6. Immediately Holmes jumped up from the bed and struck a match . 福尔摩斯立即从床上跳起，划燃一根火柴。

〖明晰〗The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise . 那位年轻的女士一听到响声就冲入房间。

第一例句中的 immediately 用作副词， 表示“立刻， 立即”; 第二例句中的immediately用作副词，表示“一……就……”，类似的说法还有instantly, directly, the moment, the minute, the instant等。例如：

I'll go there directly (=as soon as) I have finished my breakfast .

The moment I saw you I knew you were angry with me .

【妙文赏析】

His Favorite Student

A teacher asked his students some challenging ( 难以回答的，具挑战性的 ) questions to find the most intelligent ( 聪明的 ) students . His first question was:

“ What can you get with one penny that can be used by the whole class for about an hour ? ”

After a while an answer came from a clever girl .

“ I can get a candle . The whole class can be lit up ( 照亮 ) with its light . ”

The teacher praised the student for her smart answer before asking the second question .

“ What can you get with one dollar which can be used by the whole class for a whole year ? ”

An answer came from monitor of the class .

“ If we put a calendar ( 挂历 ) on the wall , we can use it for a whole year . ”

After warm applause of admiration ( 羡慕的掌声 ) , the teacher presented his third question:

“ What can you get without paying anything that can be used for your whole life ? ”

This time there was no immediate response ( 答复 ) .

“ You get your name free of charge and you use it all your life . ” Again the clever girl won applause from the whole class .

Now came the teacher's last question:

“ What can you get which can be used after your death ? ”

Immediately he saw his favorite student open her mouth .

“ A coffin ( 棺材 ) , Sir . ”

【思维体操】

根据短文内容，在每个空白处填写一个适当的词(首字母已给出)：

It was a cold evening . Old Hill was in the ward(牢房)a____(1) . He was put there for stealing some v____(2) jewellery in a shop . He knew he would be in p____(3) for more than five years . C____(4) was coming and the other prisoners(囚犯)were set free . He couldn't talk with n____(5) . The policemen who guarded(看守)him were b____( 6) buying the presents for their families and friends . He lay down on bed, and he could not fall a____(7) though he often felt t____(8) when he tried to earn some money for his family .

Suddenly the old man h____(9) some noise . He sat up at once. The door o____(10) and in came two policeman. They put a young man into the ward, l____(11) the door and left. Old Hill looked at the young man up and down, who w____(12) the nicest clothes. “He must be from a r____(13) family, ”Old Hill said to himself. “But for what has he been b____(14) here too ?”

“What happened to you, young man ?”he asked .

“I was out of l____(15) this morning,”said the young man.“I had a puncture(扎穿).”

“It's an o____(16) accident, I think. Did you drive over a n____(17)?”

“No, a wine bottle.”

“You were too c____(18) ! But you haven't broken any l____(19) , in my opinion.”

“But the drunkard(醉汉)who was l____(20) in the street had it hidden in his coat !”

答案与分析：