6. in place 在适当的位置，在原来的地方

Nothing is in place after the earthquake .

I hope you'll keep the books in place .

Are all the engineers in their places ? 所有的工程师都就座了吗 ?

7. wash down 被雨水等冲走

So when it rains , the soil is washed down the hills and into the river .

Great quantities of soil were washed down the hillside by the storm .

8. blow away 刮走，吹走

The wind blew away the clouds . 风吹散了乌云。

The wind blew away the clothes that were hanging on the line .

9. time and time again =time after time , time and again , again and again 多次，不断地

Time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air .

The doctor told him time and time again to give up smoking .

10. a cloud of 一团……的

A cloud of radiation crossed the whole of Europe . 一团带有辐射的尘埃穿越了整个欧洲。

11. as a result of … 由于……的结果

It's said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illnesses caused bhy this accident .

12. hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的

Hundreds of thousands of people were injured , many of the injured lost their sight .

Hundreds of thousands of people were listening to the speak in the square .

13. lose one's sight 伤失视力

The poor man lost his sight when he was 30 years old .

14. be present in / at 出现在6

Only 12 villagers were present last time .

15. pour into 大量流入

A crowd of football fans poured into the ground as soon as the gates were opened .

When I opened the window , bright sunlight poured into the room .

Lesson 35

1. five to ten million kinds 五百万到一千万

2. die out 消亡，消失，灭绝

Elephants would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished . 如果允许人们随心所欲地射杀大象，大象就会绝种。

Many old customs are gradually dying out .

The strong wind is dying out .

As is known to us all , many animals have already died out .

3. an average of 平均是……

An average of 13 people were killed or injured in the traffic accidents .

The new car factory will produce an average 200,000 cars each year .

The average age of the girls in our class is 22 .

4. play a part in 在……起作用。play an important part in 在……起重要作用。

Women are playing an important part in our socialst construction . 妇女在社会主义建设中正发挥着重要作用。

Electricity plays an important part / role in our daily life .

The part that women have played is great .

We must make the young play their parts to the full .

5. a cause of death 死亡原因

6. in danger 处于危险境地

You are in danger of being killed .

We are worried about the country , which is in danger of war .

The workers in danger must be rescued without delay . 必须立即挽救那些处于危险中的工人们。

注意：out of danger 脱离危险，摆脱危险。be dangerous 危险的。

7. three types of tiger living in China 生存在中国的三种老虎

8. a total of 总额，总量，总数有

A total of 160 people died in the earthquake .

This company has a total of 30 workers .

9. go on an organized trip to + 地点“去……团体旅行”

10. fill in 填写

Please fill in the blanks here with your name and address .

His discovery filled in the gaps in the fields of science and technology .

11. be interested to do 干……很感兴趣

12. be busy (in) doing 忙于干……

We are busy going over our lessons .

13. take photographs / photos / pictures + of 拍摄……的照片

14. to one's joy 使某人高兴的是。to one's great joy =to the great joy of sb =much to one's great joy

To the great joy of my friends , I have won the first .

15. in good condition 完好无损，健康良好，保养得好

He has been in good condition .

How can we keep the water in good condition in our village ?

注意：out of condition 身体不适

I can't go swimming today . I'm out of condition .

二、学海导航

【学法指要】

单元易错用的熟词释疑

● POPULATION 能用复数吗?

在 Lesson 34 课文第一段中有这样一句：Many parts of the world , which once had large populations and produced plenty of crops , have become deserts . 这里的 population 为什么使用复数?

【释疑】

◆ population 多用单数，指某国家或地区的人口。如果用复数，指世界不同地区的人口。例如：

Many parts of the world , which once had large populations and produced plenty of crops , have become deserts . 世界上许多地区曾经人口众多，五谷丰登，而今却成了沙漠。

According to the latest census , China's population has increased . 根据最近的调查，中国的人口增加了。

◆ population 直接作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式指住在某地区的全体居民，为不可数名词，但前面有 some , most 特别是分数或者百分数时，谓语动词常用复数。例如：

The population in these villages has to get its water from wells . 住在这个村子里的人必须自井中汲水。

The population of the city rose by 20% . 这个城市的人口增长了 20 % 。

Most of the population in this city are workers . 这个城市大多数人是工人。

At present about 38% of the Chinese population smoke . 目前中国大约有 38% 的人吸烟，

In India , however , the population of tigers has increased , from 2,000 in 1972 to about 5,000 in 1989 .

然而，在印度，老虎的数量增加了 ， 1972 年只有2，000 只，1989年增加到了大约5，000 只。

In the south most of the population live on rice . 在南方，绝大多数人以大米为食。

◆ 问“人口多少”用 ：what 或者 how large 。不用 how many 和 how much 等词。说人口多用 large或者 great , 说人口少用small 。例如：

?What's the population of China ? 中国的人口是多少 ?

?China has a large population . 中国人口众多。

The population of Japan is smaller than that of US . 日本的人口比美国的少。(注意对比中的 that 不要省略)

The population of Beijing is larger / greater than that of Xi'an . 北京的人口比西安的多。

Do you know what the population of Africa is ? =Do you know how large / great the population of Africa is ? 你知道非洲的人口是多少吗 ?

That country has a small population . 那个国家人口稀少。

What's the population of the world ? 全世界有多少人口 ?

This village has a population of about 1,500 .

◆ 在表达某地有多少人口时可以用：

地点 + has a population of + 数词 (+ people )

The population of + 某地 + be + 数词 。

地点 + with a population of + 数词

那个国家有 5，000 万人口。

China has a population of 1,2 billion . 中国有 12 亿人口。

That country has a population of fifty million ( people ) .

The population of that country is fifty million .

The country is one with a population of fifty million people .

◆ 当 population 表示抽象意义时，不加冠词。例如：

Since 1949 , the people's living standard has been raised , causing a big rise in population . 自从 1949 年以来，在中国，人民的生活水平得到了提高，导致人口有了很大增加。

● appear ，seem ，look “看来像”吗 ?

appear , seem , look 看来很相似，均有“好象，看起来象”之意，在使用时应从以下几方面：

一、含义上的差异

appear 是指根据事物的外表表象做出判断的，但实质上并不一定如此;seem是表示说话人主观上的判断，暗含有一定的根据，往往接近事实的判断;look是根据视觉印象而得出的判断，实质上也可能如此。例如：

He has a small salary but he appears rich . 他工资很低却显得很富。(其实并非如此)

He seems rich . (I think he is rich .) 他看起来很富有。(根据个人的主观判断而推断出)

He looks rich . 他很是富有。(从他花钱办事的言行中可出感觉出)

二、用法上的差异

1. appear，look，seem 后均可带名词、形容语、to be 结构。

He appeared / seemed / looked an honest man . 看来他是一个诚实的人。

He appeared (to be) sad when he heard the bad news . 当他听到这个坏消息时，似乎很悲伤。

注：在接 to be 结构时，to be常常被省略。例如：

The flowers seem (to be) more beautiful at this time . 此时，花儿好象更漂亮。

2. look 可用于进行时，而 seem , appear 一般不能。如：

You're looking quite a different person . 你现在的样子完全是另一个人了。

3. appear 和 seem 之后可接动词不定式的各种形式，而 look 之后除了能接to be 结构外，不接其它动词不定式形式。

He appeared to be proud of himself . 他好象为自己而骄傲。

She doesn't seem to have been to Beijing . 她好象没有去过北京。

He looks to be the best person for the job . 他看来是做这项工作最合适的人。

4. look , seem 能与介词 like 构成习语，意思是“看上去象”，而 appear 却不能。例如：

It seems like years since I last saw you . 自从上次见到你后，好象很久没有见到你了。

The new building looks like a hospital . 这座新建筑物看起来象一座医院。

5. seem , look 后均可接 as if , as though 引导的表语从句，若表示不能实现的事实，则用虚拟语气，而 appear 则不能。例如：

It seemed / looked as if it was going to rain . 看起来天快要下雨了。

It seems as if he were to start at once . 看来好象他马上就要动身。

6. appear 和seem 均可接 that 引导的从句，而 look 不能。

It seems / appears that the book is too difficult for us . 这本书好象对我们来说太难了。

It seems that John will win the race . 好象约翰能跑第一。

7. appear 和 seem 可用于there be 结构中，而 look 不能。如：There appeared / seemed nothing to be done . 大家似乎觉得没有办法了。

There appears to have been an accident . 好象出了一次事故。

● do with 与 deal with 用法辨析

do with 与 deal with 都可作“处置”讲的。do with 常与连接代词 what 连用，而 deal with 常与连接副词 how 连用，如：

1 . I don't know how they deal with the problem . (=I don't know what they do with the problem . )我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。

2 . He is easy to deal with . (=He is easy to do with . 这时“do”是不及物动词)他是容易相处的人。这两个词组在使用时有细微的差别。一般地说，do with 表示“处置”、“忍受”、“相处”、“有关”等。如：

1 . They found a way to do with the elephant . 他们找到对付那头大象的办法了。

2 . We can't do with such carelessness . 我们不能容忍这种粗枝大叶的作风。

3 . We are difficult to do with the new comer . 我们很难与新来的那个人相处。

4 . I have nothing to do with him . 我跟他无任何关系。