complete 强调所有需要的或正确的部分都存在。

相比之下，它的意思是完成了的或完善的，指所有指标的兑现或目的的实现。如：

The work is now complete ; we can have a holiday .

工作现在完成了;我们可以去度假了。

The total number of tourists chosen so far is forty-eight , but the tourist party is not yet complete .

到目前为止挑选的旅游者的总数是48人，可是这旅游团还未满员。

综上所述，除 whole 以外，当描写毫无例外和毫无保留的包罗全体的抽象概念时，其他三词都可换用。如：

I have entire (or total or complete) control of the project .

我对这项工程有完全的控制权。

【妙文赏析】

What's the main purpose of James AN Coaching College ?

Quite simply , we are here to help students with:

● H.S.C. Exams : Years 11 and 12

● Selective School Test : Year 5 to year 10

● Independent School Scholarship Exams : Year 6

● Opportunity Class Test : Years 3 and 4

● School Certificate Test : Year 10

The college provides expert tuition for students wishing to gain the highest possible marks in all examinations from Year 1 to Year 12 .

We also help students :

● excel in all subjects

● have a head start

● get motivated to succeed in their studies “EDUCATION =SUCCESS”

● increase their self-confidence

Through face-to-face teaching students are taught to perform well under examination conditions .

THE TEACHERS

● Highly qualified teachers from Selective Schools and Independent Schools .

● James AN : Principal and coauther of “Maths Tests for Selective Schools and Scholarship examinations”and other books

● Other textbook authors

Our teachers set high goals for themselves as well as for their students .

COURSES AND SUBJECTS

H.S.C. COURSE / YEAR 11 & 12

Subjects : Maths 2, 3, 4, Units: English , Physics , Chemistry

SCHOOL CERTIFICATE COURSE / YEAR 9 & 10

Subjects : English , Maths , Science

JUNIOR HIGH COURSE ; YEAR 7 & 8

Subjects : English , Maths ,Science

SELECTIVE SCHOOL / SCHOLARSHIP COURSE ; YEAR 5 & 6

Subjects : English , Maths , General Ability , Creative Writing

OPPORTUNITY CLASS ( O.C. ) COURSE;

YEAR 3 & 4

Subjects : English , Maths , General Ability

YEARS 1& 2

Sbujects : Maths , English

HOLIDAY REVISION COURSE

Special holiday revision courses are offered during each vacation .

WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM JAMES AN COACHING COLLEGE ?

Students of all abilities !

We have helped thousands of students achieve results beyond their wiidest dreams in the H.S.C. and Selective School / Scholarship Tests .

We'd love to do the same for you . All serious students will excel in their studies .

请同学们以阅读的特定信息为依据，从下列各题的A、B、C、D 中选出最佳答案。

1. If you are a student of year 7 , what subjects can you take ?

A. English , Maths , Science and Creative Writing

B. Maths and Physics

C. Maths , English , Physics and Chemistry

D. English , Maths and Science

2. The test for students of year 12 is .

A. H.S.C. Exams

B. Opportunity Class Test

C. Independent School Scholarship Exams

D. School Certificate Test

3. Students are taught to perform well under examination conditions through teaching .

A. special holiday revision courses B. face-to-face

C. self-confidence D. all subjects

4. can benefit from James An Coaching College .

A. Students of all abilities

B. Thousands of students

C. Students from European countries

D. Students who want to go abroad

【赏析】此题要求阅读者快速阅读，找出文章中直接提供的特定细节。一般说来，这类题是对文章表层发问的客观题，答案均可以在文章中找到。不过，这些问题的表达常常不用文章中的原话，而是使用同义的词语来进行设问。做题时首先要看清问题，然后快速扫描文章中的相应部分，找出与答题有关的关键词，在细读一遍，从而确定正确答案。

1. 选 D。抓住问题中的关键词 year 7 , 立即可知它属于COURSES AND SUBJECTS 部分 JUNIOR HIGH COURSE , 从中可直接找出答案。

2. 选 A。可以从What is the main purpose of James An Coaching College 中直接找到答案。

3. 选B。文章中有这样一句是解题的依据：Through face-to-face teaching students are taught to perform well under examination conditions 。

4. 选A。从 COURSES AND SUBJECTS 部分WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM JAMES AN COACHING COLLEGE ?中可以直接找到答案。

【思维体操】

● Thomas Edison

Thomas Edison was a giant among inventors . He patented (获专利权) over 1 ,000 inventions , including . the record player , moving picture and the first practical electric light . Largely home taught , Edison only went to school for three months. But at 17 he invented the telegraph system (系统) . This allowed four dot - dash messages to be sent down a wire at the same time , speeding up telegraph service greatly .

Though he made great achievements , he still worked up to 20 hours a day . In 1879 , he discovered that if electric current (电流) is passed through a thin thread of carbon (碳) in a glass vacuum (真空) , it becomes white hot , giving off a brilliant light . Then , for use of this electric light , he developed a complete electrical distribution system (配电系统) . In 1880 , he formed the Edison Electric Light Company . In 1882 , he built the Pearl Street Plant , and New York became the first city lit by electricity .

1 . According to the passage , which of the following is true ?

A . Of all the inventors , Edison patented the most inventions .

B . He invented 1 , 000 things except the record player .

C . He invented moving pictures at the age of 17 .

D . He made greater achievements than any other scientists in the world .

2 . Edison received his schooling ____ .

A . mainly from school B . mainly from his teachers

C . largely from his parents D . largely from his work

3 . His invention of the telegraph system made the telegraph services ____ .

A . much easier B . more expensive

C . more difficult D . much quicker

4 . His discovery in 1879 led to ____ .

A . electric current through a thin thread

B . a bright light seen in a glass vacuum

C . the invention of his first practical electric light

D . the invention of electricity

5 . Before 1882 , _____ .

A . the world had been lit by electricity

B . New York had been already lit by electricity

C . no cities in the world had been lit by electricity

D . no cities except New York had been lit by electricity

● Thomas Edison

Thomas Edison was awarded (授予) more patents on inventions than any other Americans . When he died in 1931 , Americans wondered hos they could best show their respect for him .

One suggestion was the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout (断电) . All electric power would be shut off in homes , streets and factories . Perhaps this suggested plan made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions meant to them . Electric power was too important to the country . Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to troubles . So a blackout was actually impossible .

On the day of Edison's Funeral (葬礼) , many people silently put out some of their lights . In this way , they honoured the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricity at his countrymen's fingertips .

6 . This passage tells us that Thomas Edison ____ .

A . was the only important American inventor

B . received the first American patent

C . received the most patents in the U . S . A .

D . was the first American inventor

7 . People decided to honour Edison when ____ .

A . he made the first electric light

B . electric power came into use

C . the country realized how important electric power was

D . he died in 1931

8 . The suggested plan was to _____ .

A . turn off the lights everywhere

B . shut off all electricity for a short time

C . make homes , schools and factories all dark

D . observe a few minutes of total silence

9 . The plan was never carried out because ____ .

A . electric power was of great importance to the country for every minute

B . it meant honouring only one of Edison's inventions

C . the plan itself was difficult to carry out

D . some Americans would not get themselves into trouble

10 . This passage was probably written to ____ .

A . tell people about Edison's inventions

B . explain what electricity was

C . prove that people wished to honour Edison

D . show that a great man Edison was

● Thomas Jefferson

In 1801 , Thomas Jefferson became president of the United States , which then included sixteen states that lay east of the Mississippi River . France controlled the large area in the centre of the continent , which was known as the Louisiana Territory (领土) , and the land west of the Rocky Mountains was primarily under Spanish control . Control of the Northwest was disputed (争议) by England , Russia , Spain , and the United States . Jefferson , a leader with foresight (远见卓识) , believed that it would do good to the United States to own the rich land . In addition , the port cities at the mouth of the Mississippi River were controlled by France . Jefferson regarded this as possible danger to the U . S . economy (经济) and to national safety , so he went to Napoleon with an offer to buy the land .

Napoleon agreed to sell the land for ? 15 million , which ended up just a few cents an acre (英亩) . He decided to give up his holdings in America , which he had just won from Spain , so that he could raise money to conquer all of Europe .

11 . Thomas Jefferson bought the land for ____ reasons .

A . 1 B . 2 C . 3 D . 4

12 . From the passage we know that the Louisiana Territory _____ .

A . was under Spanish control

B . was the land east of the Mississippi River

C . lay west of the Rocky Mountains

D . formed the western part of the Mississippi valley

13 . What is untrue according to the passage ?

A . The land was rich .

B . The land was first controlled by Spain .

C . Thomas Jefferson was the President of the 18th century .

D . Napoleon sold the land very cheaply .

14 . Why did Napoleon agree to sell the land ?

A . Because the land was very poor .

B . Because it was an act of friendship .

C . Because he wanted to get America's support .

D . Because he had the ambition (野心) for Europe .

15 . What is the title for the passage ?

A . Thomas Jefferson's Foresight

B . The Form of the U . S . A .

C . The Louisiana Purchase (购买)

D . The Louisiana Territory

● Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence and was the third President of the United States . He was also a great architect (建筑师) . Monticello is the home that Thomas Jefferson built . Monticello means “little mountain” in Italian . Jefferson started building the mansion (宅第) on a hill near Charlotteville, Virginia , in 1770 . It is considered one of the best examples of the American classic (古典) revival (复兴) style of architecture .

The building materials ?stone , brick , lumber , and nails were all prepared on the land where Monticello stands . Jefferson moved into the home with his bride (新娘) in 1772 and continued on the house for many years . Monticello was his home for fifty - six years .

The mansion was later bought by Uriah Levy and given to the people of the United States as a gift . Today , Monticello is a national shrine (圣地) that is open to the public .

16 . Jefferson was the author of ____ .

A . many books on architecture

B . the Consitution (宪法)

C . the American Classic Revival

D . the Declaration of Independence

17 . Monticello was Jefferson's home for ____ .

A . his whole life

B . 56 years

C . 65 years

D . summer months only

18 . Jefferson was ____ .

A . the first president of the U . S .A

B. an Italian president

C . the 3rd American president

D . the president of Virginia

19 . Jefferson moved into Monticello in ____ .

A . 1756 B . 1770 C . 1772 D . 1776

20 . Monticello was given as a gift to the American people by ____ .

A . the public B . Thomas Jefferson

C . Uriah Levy D . a national shrine

答案：1-5 ACDCC 6-10 CDBAD 11-15 BDCDC 16-20 DBCCC

三、智能显示

【心中有数】

过去分词作定语和表语的测试要点

1. 过去分词作定语，多表示已经完成的动作。

The school built last year was flooded this summer . 去年建的那所学校今年夏天被洪水淹了。

I hope you will pay attention to the marked signs . 我希望你要注意那些有标记的牌子。

Her job is to take care of the wounded soldiers . 她的工作是照料那些受伤的战士。

2. 单个的过去分词作定语常放在所修饰的名词的前面。如：

boiled water 开水。a frozen river 一条冻结着的河。a trained nurse 一名训练有素的护士。an experienced villager 一位经验丰富的村民。a used car 旧车。melted iron 熔化了的铁。mended clothes 补好的衣服。a well-written article 一篇写得不错的文章。man-made satellite 人造卫星。a retired worker 一名退休工人。a three-legged table 一张三条腿的桌子。a