为了帮助大家在考试前，巩固知识点，对所学的知识更好的掌握，精品学习网为大家编辑了高二英语下册期末考试知识点复习，希望对大家有用。

14. Chinese history is filled with great achievements in science and technology. 中国的历史充满着科技方面的成就。(p.7 第一段 第1行)

with的复合结构。即with + 宾语 + 宾补

(1) He likes to sleep with the window open. (adj. 作宾补)他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。

(2) With her son away from home, she was worried. (adv. 短语作宾补) 由于她的儿子离家出走，所以她很担心。

(3) She came in with a baby in her arms. (介词短语作宾补) 她抱着孩子进来了。

(4) With the problem settled, we went on smoothly. (过去分词作宾补) 由于问题得到解决，我们进展顺利。

(5) With a local guide leading the way, we got there easily. (现在分词短语作宾补) 由于当地向导带路，我们很容易到了那儿。

(6) With her husband to help her, she worked it out. (不定式作宾补) 由于她丈夫帮助她，她解决了这个问题。

注意：with的复合结构既可以作状语，又可以作定语。

15. In 1995, the Chinese government put forward a plan for "rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education"... 1995年，中国政府提出了"科教兴国"的规划。(p.7 第一段4-5行)

1) put forward: (1) 提出(意见、建议) He put forward a better plan. 他提出了一个更好的计划。(2) 推荐，提名 Shall we put her forward as the candidate for chair- man of the committee? 我们提名她为委员会主席的候选人好吗?

拓展：put in打断;插嘴，进港; put off推迟;延期; put on穿;上演; put away放好; put down写下; put on weight发福; put out生产、扑灭

2) rely vi. (与on，upon连用): (1) 依靠;依赖 rely on one's own efforts 依靠自己的努力(2) 信任;信赖 depend on with confidence You may rely on me. 你可以信赖我。

辨析：rely与depend

rely 指"在过去经验的基础上，依赖、相信某人或某事物，希望从中得到支持或帮助"。如：He can be relied On to keep secret. 相信他能保密。

depend 指"出于信赖而依靠他人或他物，以取得支持或帮助，这种信赖可能有过去的经验或了解为根据，也可能没有"。如：He can depend on his wife for sympathy. 他相信妻子会同情他。

16. When you are writing to persuade the reader,... 当你在写文章说服读者，... (p.8 Tips 第1行)

persuade: (1) vt. 说服 He persuaded her to go to school，even though she did not want to. 即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。(2) vt. 使相信(常与of，that连用) I am almost persuaded of his honesty. 我几乎相信他是诚实的。(3) vi. 被说服The boy persuades easily. 这孩子听劝。

辨析：persuade，convince 与 advise

persuade和convince意思均为"说服";前者着重情感上的"敦促，劝告"，后者着重理智上的"辩论、证明"，两者结构相同，即：persuade (或convince) sb. that... ; persuade (或convince sb. of sth. )

而advise只表"劝说"，而不强调其结果如何。He advised her to go, but she didn't. = He tried to persuade her to go, but she didn't. 他建议她去，可她没去。Finally they were persuaded to give up their foolish plans. 最后总算说服了他们放弃了他们愚蠢的计划。

拓展：persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事; try/want to persuade sb. to do sth. 试图说服某人做某事; advise sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事

语法专题

Section IV 语法 构词法

高二英语Unit12 Fact and fantasy知识点总复习教案

Section I 课前准备、听力、口语

1. Try the quiz below to see if you know any better. 试一试下面的知识检测，看看你是否了解的更多。(P.9 Question 2) if:

(1) if conj. "是否"，在此语境中可用whether 代替。He asked whether / if we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否要喝点饮料。 注意：whether与if (作"是否"解时)都可以连接宾语从句。

(2) if不能替换whether的5种情况：a. 正式文体中，句中有or not时I wonder whether it is big enough or not. 我想知道它是否足够大。注意：在口语中"if...or not"可接受，但连写的"if or not"是错误的。b. 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时：Whether it is true (or not) remains a question. 它是不是真的还是一个问题。c. 作介词宾语时I haven't settled the question of whether I'll go back home. 我还没决定是否要回家。d. 在不定式前，与不定式组成词组She hasn't decided whether to go or not. 她还没有决定去还是不去。e. 作discuss等词的宾语We discussed whether we should close the shop. 我们讨论是否该关闭那家商店。

(3) if还有"假如"之意，引导条件状语从句，而此时的条件状语从句，又具体分为两种情况：表示真实条件和表示假设条件，详解如下：

a. 表示真实条件。"如果" If he told you that, he was lying. 如果他是那样对你说的，他就是在撒谎。If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就不出去。

注意：if条件句要求用一般时表示将来，不用will表示将来，只有在表示"愿意"或"不愿意"时，if后才可以跟will或won't。If you won't come, I'll go alone. 如果你不愿意来，我就一个人去。

b. 表示假设条件，"假如"，用虚拟语气与现在事实相反 If I were you, I would help her. 我要是你的话，我就会帮助她。

与过去事实相反 If I had not missed the train, I would have got home by now.假如我没误了火车，现在早该到家了。与将来事实相反 If any one should call, please let me know. 万一有人打电话来，请告诉我一声。

拓展：as if (=as though) 好像(引导方式状语从句或表语从句); even if (=even though) 即使 (引导让步状语从句); if only (引导感叹句，要用虚拟语气)但愿，要......就好了; (引导状语从句，要用虚拟语气) 要是，若是; only if (引导状语从句，用陈述语气)只有

2. What is the highest mountain on earth and how high is it? 世界上最高的山是什么山? 有多高? (P.9 Question 2 No. 1)

Which is the longest river on earth and how long is it? 世界上最长的河是那条? 有多长? (P. 9Question2 No. 3)

1) What (1) pron. (疑问代词) 什么 What happened next? 后来怎么样了呢? What do you want? 你要什么? (2) pron. (连接代词，引导名词性从句等) 所......的事(或人) What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 过去认为不可能的事现在已成为现实。The city is not what it used to be. 这个城市不再是先前的模样了。

2) 辨析：what与which

(1) which既可引导定语从句，又可连接名词性从句;而what不可引导定语从句。

(2) which，what同为名词性从句的连接代词时，都可在所连接的名词性从句中充当主语或宾语，其区别在意思上。what强调"内容"，而which强调从已知的、确定的范围中做出选择。This river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. (which引导非限制性定语从句)这条流经伦敦的河，叫泰晤士河。What book are you going to read? 你要读什么书? Which book are you going to read, this one or that one? 你要读哪一本书，这本还是那本?