(一A)词汇部分

1. honorable

[adj.] 可敬的, 荣誉的, 光荣的

e.g. Though it is honorable to be a cleaner, many people wouldn’t like to do that

虽然做一个清洁工是受人尊敬的工作，许多却不愿做。

[n.] honor 敬重，尊敬;被引以为荣的人物, 荣誉，名誉;信用

All the athletes tried their best to win honor for their motherland.

所有的运动员都竭尽全力为祖国争光。

He's an honor to his parents. 他的父母以他为荣。

[vt.] honor受到尊敬

He was honored for his courage in battle. 他因在战斗中的英勇表现而受到尊敬。

有用句型：in honor of/in one’s honor为纪念… ，为庆祝;向……表示敬意

We held a special party in honor of our visitors.

我举行了一个特别晚会向我们的来客表示敬意。

相关链接：

show honor to           对某人表示敬意;

have the honor to do      很荣幸地

feel honored to do        因做……而感到荣幸;

on one’s honor           以某人的名誉担保

2. delight [n.]乐趣;喜悦;欣喜

e.g.：The children were made to laugh with delight. 孩子们被逗得高兴地大笑。

[adj.] delighted欣喜的, 快乐的 delightful 令人高兴的;讨人喜欢的

I was delighted to be invited to her party.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。

[vi.](常与in连用)热衷于;引以为乐

She delights in cooking lovely meals.她以烹饪美食为乐。

短语：be delighted by/at 因…而高兴  be delighted to do sth. 高兴做某事

be delighted with 喜欢….

3. significance

[n.]重要; 意义;价值

What is the significance of this meeting? 这个会议有什么意义?

[adj.] significant有意义的, 重大的, 重要的

This meeting is significant. 这个会议有意义

4. compete

[vi.] compete 竞争;竞赛

Five children competed in the race. 五个孩子参加赛跑。

[n.] competition 竞争;竞赛competitor 竞赛者;对手

He feels nervous as it seems his competitor is stronger.

他感觉紧张因为他的对手好像比他强。

[adj.] competitive 竞争的，比赛的

拓展：compete with/against 与…竞争  compete for 为…而竞争

compete with sb. in sth. 在某方面与某人竞争

5. separate [adj.]分开的, 分离的, 个别的, 单独的,区别的;不同的

[v.] 分开, 隔离, 分散, 分别

e.g. The two children separated at the end of the road. 两个孩子在路的尽头分手了

[adj.] 单独的，分开的，不同的

Our children want separate rooms.

separate 与 divide 的区别:

①Separate表示“将…与…分开，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开，常与from连用

Please separate the good apples from the bad ones. 请把好的苹果和坏的苹果分开。

②divide 往往指把某个整体划分为若干部分，常与into连用

Let us divide the cake into three parts. 让我们把这个蛋糕分成三部分。

6. light [n]光, 日光, 发光体, 灯

The sun gives us light during the day. 白天太阳给我们光亮。

[adj.] 轻的, 发光的, 明亮的, 浅的

The basket is very light; I can easily pick it up.篮子很轻我可以很容易地拿起来。

[v.] 点着, 变亮 light—lighted/lit—lighted/lit  做谓语时无区别，lighted可放于名词前做定语，而lit不行 (the lighted candle 点着的蜡烛)

Will you light the fire for me? 你替我点上火好吗?

7. distance [n.] 距离;间隔

What distance do you have to walk to school? 你到学校要走多远的距离?

有用短语：in the distance在远处;at a distance相距，相隔; keep one's distance 保持一定距离

I could see the bus coming in the distance. 我看见公共汽车从远处开来了。

Americans like to keep a distance when speaking.美国人说话时喜欢保持一定距离。

8. record /?rek?:d/ [n.] 履历, 档案, 诉状, 最高纪录, 报告, 唱片

The doctor keeps a record of all the serious illnesses in the village.

这个医生保存了这个村庄所有严重疾病的记录。

[vt.] /ri?k?:d/ 记录, 标明, 将……录音

The reporter recorded what the actor said at the news conference.

记者记录了演员在新闻发布会上讲的话。

The songs were recorded by the radio company.这些歌曲是由广播公司录下的

拓展：hold a record 保持纪录   set a record 创纪录

keep a record/records of 纪录，记载

9. absent [adj.] 缺席的;不在场的

He is absent on business. 他因事缺席。

He is absent from Beijing. 他不在北京。

[adj.] 漫不经心的;心不在焉的;茫然的

He looked at me in an absent way. 他茫然地望着我。

[vt.] 不在;缺席

Why did you absent yourself from school yesterday? 昨天你为何不到校?

[n.] absence 缺乏

He didn’t finished his paper because of absence of information

他因为缺乏资料没有完成论文。

10. excite [v.] 使人激动兴奋

The news excited everybody.消息鼓舞了每个人。

[adj.]excited激动的;兴奋的   exciting使人激动的;令人兴奋的

What he told us is an exciting story. 他告诉我们的是一个动人的故事。

11. attempt [v& n]努力, 尝试, 企图

The boys attempted to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.

男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。

She made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着做这顿饭。

拓展：attempted adj. 未遂的的，有意图的  an attempted murder 杀人未遂

make an attempt/attempts to do/at doing sth.=attempt to do sth.

辨析：attempt/try to do sth. 试图做某事，尝试做某事，可能成功也可能不成功

manage to do sth    成功做某事

e.g. Her parents managed to send her to the university she longed for.

12. state [n.] 状况;情形;状态;政府;盛礼，隆重的礼仪;州;邦

Everything was in a state of disorder. 一切都处于紊乱状态。

She is in a worried state of mind. 她心情很焦急。

In China, the railways are owned by the state. 在中国，铁路是国有的。

The President was received in state. 总统受到隆重接待。

[v.] state 陈述，叙述

Please state your name, age and occupation on the form.

(一B)

1. plenty of 许多，大量

There is plenty of time. 时间很充足。

Plenty of students want to study abroad. 许多学生想出国留学。

提示：

1)plenty of 后接可数名词或不可数名词，同时谓语动词的单复数形式与其后名词一致。

2)plenty of通常用于肯定句中;在否定句中用many或much代替;在疑问句中用enough代替。

e.g. There are plenty of egg. 有许多鸡蛋。

There aren’t many eggs. 没有很多鸡蛋。

Are there enough eggs? 有足够多的鸡蛋吗?

拓展：“许多，大量”的表达法：

修饰对象

词义 可数名词

[C] 不可数名词

[U] 可数/不可数名词

[C]/[U]

许多，大量 Many,   many a / an,

a great / large number of ,

quite a few,

scores of ,

dozens of Much,

a good / great deal of, a large amount of, amounts of A lot of,    lots of,

a large quantity of, quantities of,

plenty of,

a supply of,

supplies of 2. attraction  [n.]    [v.] attract   [adj.] attractive

(1). 吸引人的地方或事情      tourist attraction(s) 旅游景点

(2). 吸引力;诱惑力

City life holds little attraction for me. 我对城市生活不感兴趣。

知识拓展：

attract sb. to sth. 使某人对某事感兴趣

the main attraction 最引人注意之处

attract interest/attention 引起兴趣/注意

3. otherwise adv. / conj. 否则，要不然

Work hard, otherwise you will be sorry. 好好学习，否则你会后悔的。

You have to go now, otherwise you will miss your bus.

你现在得走了，要不然就赶不上公交车了。

提示：otherwise 作副词时，无比较级和最高级的用法;otherwise使起连接作用的状语，做两个句子的连接状语时不可置于句末，而应置于所连接的第二个句子的句首。

4. stretch [vt.]&[vi.]

(1).vt. 拉长/宽 撑大/松 ;铺开，舒展

I have to stretch these shoes. 我得把这些鞋子撑大。

(2). (vi)变长，变宽，(布料)可伸缩，有弹性

The jeans stretch to provide a perfect fit. 这条牛仔裤有弹性，可以完全合身。

(3). (vi) (空间上)延伸， (时间上)延续

The forests stretched for hundreds of miles. 森林绵延数百英里。

Endless summer days stretched out before us. 我们眼前是无尽的夏日。

(vt&vi)伸出，伸开，伸懒腰

He stretched out a hand and picked up the book. 他伸出一只手，把书捡起来。

5.  meet相关单配：

meet with sb 会见没有，与某人会晤

meeting place 聚集的地方，会场

meet one’ demand/need/requirement 满足某人需要

6. current [ adj.]

(1)现在的，现行的，当前的

Production is likely to remain at current levels.

产量很可能会保持当前的水平。

(2)通用的,流通的，流行的

These words are no longer current. 这些词已不再通用。

(3)【n】水流，气流，电流

7.  remove [vt&vi]

(1). vt. 移动，把…移走，搬开，拿开

Please remove your bag from the seat. 请把包从座位上拿走。

(2). vt. 脱掉=take off

Come in and remove your wet coat 进来把你的湿外衣脱掉。

(3). 除去，去掉消除=get rid of

His name was removed from the list.他的名字被从名单上除去了。

(4).vt 撤职.

They removed him from his position.他们撤了他的职务。

(5). Vi 搬家，迁移=move

They are going to remove into a new building. 他们准备搬进一座新楼。

8. maintain. [vt.]

(1).维持，保持

The two countries have always maintained close relations.

这两个国家一直保持密切关系。

(2).维护，保护

The house is large and difficult to maintain. 房子很大，难以养护

(3).坚持己见，固执己见

She has always maintained her innocence.

他一直坚持说她是无辜的。

(4).供养，抚养

He was barely earning enough to maintain himself.

他挣的钱勉强够养活自己。

9. balance [vt&vi]

(1). 平衡，平衡能力使平衡，保持平衡

Athletes need a good sense of balance. 运动员要有良好的平衡感。

(2).[n.]结余，余额 结欠， 欠款

The current balance in your account is $182现在你 账户上的结余为182英镑。

(3). 相抵，抵消

This year’s profits will balance our previous losses.

今年的盈利可以抵消我们以前的亏损。

知识拓展：

keep one’s balance 保持平衡

lose one’ balance 失去平衡

(二)

Reading(阅读部分)

Step1. Read this passage and answer the following questions:

1. How often were the Olympic Games held?

2. When and where were the modern Olympic Games held?

3. When did China return to the Games, and who won the first gold medal?

4. Who became the first Asian to win the gold medal in men’s 110-metre hurdles?

Keys: 1. every four years

2. The modern Olympic Games were first held in 1896, in Athens.

3. At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics and Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal.

4. Liu Xiang.

Step2. Compare the ancient Olympics and modern Olympics

The honourable games  Ancient Olympics Modern Olympics Time ____1_____ ____2____

________3_________ All ___4___ Both ____5___and ____6____  Held at the ___7____ place Held at the ___8_____ place  Only ___9_____ were allowed to compete. _____10______ from around the world can take part.

Keys: 1. 776BC    2. 1896   3. Differences  4. men    5. men

6. women    7. same    8. different      9.  Greeks   10. Athletes

Step3. True or False

1)????? At the 1984 Barcelona Olympics, Jordan won his second Olympic medal. (F)  (1984)

2)????? Haile Gebreselassie first became famous and broke the world for the 10km run in 1992. (F)

3)????? China returned to the Games after 32 years’ absence. (T)

4)????? Deng Yaping won four Olympic gold medals and became an IOC member in 1992. (F)

5)????? Cassius Clay returned to the Olympic Games in Atlanta in 1996 to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony. (T)

Keys: 1. F  (1992)   2. F  (In 1995 he broke the M world record)    3. T

4. F  (became an IOC member in 2000)     5.T

(三)

M4 Unit2 Reading

Language points:

1. (Line 1)  I am delighted to have been invited  to …….the Olympic Games.

句型：sb. + be + adj. / V-ed 形式+ to have done sth. 谓语动词等常用被动语态，不定式完成式表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前。

e.g. He is thought to be doing a secret experiment. 有人认为他正在进行一项秘密的实验。

2. (Line 6)They were held at Olympia in Greece  every four years.

Every 当“每;每隔”讲时，不能用each 替换;every后可用few，但不能接a few, 也不可接some，several， many等词;every可与“other+单数名词连用”。

每;每隔：Every + 基数词 + 复数名词

Every + 序数词 + 单数名词

Every other + 单数名词

Every few + 复数名词

e.g. every four days 每四天，每隔三天

every third day 每三天，每隔两天

every other day 每隔一天

every few days 每隔几天

3. (Line 9) At the ancient games, the athletes were all men and they had to

compete wearing no clothes.

古代奥运会的运动员都是男性，而且他们必须裸体竞技。

wearing no clothes 是现在分词短语，在从句中作状语，修饰compete，表示伴随情况。

现在分词短语经常作状语，表示时间、原因、伴随情况或起补充说明作用等。

While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间) 他一边读书，一边不时地点头。

Being busy, he could not go to the film. (原因) 因为忙，他不能去看电影。

He hurried home, looking behind from time to time as he went. (伴随情况) 他赶紧回家，一边走一边不时地向后看。

4. (Line 14) Today, athletes  from around  the world can take part,  no matter what  language they speak.

from around 两个介词连用，表示更具体的内容。(He appeared from behind the tree.)

no matter what 相当于whatever, 引导让步状语从句。

No matter who / Whoever knocks, don’t open the door. 无论谁敲门，都不要开。

No matter what /whatever you do, do it well. 无论做什么，都要把它做好。

5. (Line 16)  It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who  restarted the Olympics.

“It was…… who……”为强调句型结构，强调的是a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin作Frenchman的同位语。

“It + be +被强调部分+ who/that……”

e.g. It was   I   who/that saw him in the street yesterday. (主语)昨天是我在街上看见了他。

It was in the street that I saw him yesterday. (地状)我昨天是在街上看见他的。

一般疑问句形式：Be + it +被强调部分+ who/that……

特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词(被强调部分)+ be + it + who/that……

Not until 的强调句式：It be not until …… that +……..

E.g. Was it in 2008 that you graduated? 你是2008年毕业的吗?

When was it that you got home last night? 昨天晚上你是什么时候到家的?

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的电影明星。

6. (Line 17)His dream  was that …… make it possible ……side by side.

1)That 引导表语从句， 不做成分不可省略。在 主语从句 和 同位语从句 中也不做成分不可省略。 E.g. The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位语从句)

我们足球队赢得比赛的消息鼓舞人心。

It is good news to us that we are invited to a concert this evening. (主语从句)

我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。

2)“make it + adj./n. + (for sb.) to do sth.” it 是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。用于此句型的动词还有 think, find, believe, feel, suppose, consider等。

e.g. He feels it his duty to help those in trouble. 他认为帮助有困难的人是他的责任。

They have made ______ a rule _______ in the room           (C)

A. this; not to smoking     B. it; smoking    C. it; not to smoke     D. it; not smoking

7. (Line 19) Now people……and among them are many well-known athletes.

此处为倒装结构，英语中，作表语的介词短语、形容词和过去分词置于句首时，句子要用完全倒装语序。

e.g. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.

商品中有圣诞树、花、蜡烛和玩具。

Present at the meeting were some teachers and students.

出席会议的人包括一些教师和学生。

Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.

妇女受歧视的年代一去不复返了。

8. (Line 45) At the 2004 … Liu Xiang …the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles.