imaginative  adj. 富于想象力的

eg：imaginative writers 富有想像力的作家

6、It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是一个没有人从那里逃掉的监狱。

(1)verb:  逃脱;避免

from   A lion has escaped from its cage. 一只狮子从笼子里跑了。

sth    She was lucky to escape serious injury. 她很幸运避免了严重的伤害。

escape         Noth ing important escapes her notice / attention. 重要的事她总能注意到。

v-ing  He narrowly escaped punishment / being punished. 他侥幸逃脱了惩罚。

sb     His name escapes me (= I have forgotten his name). 我想不起他的名字了。

(2)noun. 逃脱;避免

eg：They had / made a narrow escape when their car crashed. 撞车时他们勉强逃过一劫。

escaped  adj.  an escaped prisoner 一个逃犯

7、They said the job and the pay from the new South African government were my rewardafter working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他们说这份工作和从新的南非政府领到的薪水是对我多年为黑人的平等权利而战的回报。

(1)noun [C] 报偿;酬金;赏金;奖赏

eg：There's a reward for whoever finishes first. 第一个完成的人有奖赏。

The police offered a big reward for any information about the robbery. 警方为获得抢劫案的线索   而重金悬赏。

(2)verb:  奖赏;给(某人)报酬

eg：The company rewarded him for his years of service with a grand farewell party. 公司用一个盛大   的告别会来回报他多年的服务。

All his hard work was rewarded (= was made worth it) when he saw his book in print. 当他看到自己的书出版时，他所有的辛苦都得到了回报。

rewarding  adj. 值得做的，有益的;令人满意的

eg：It is a rewarding job. 这是个值得做的工作。

8、The scientist from whom … never lost heart when he was in trouble. 那位科学家在困难时从不灰心丧气。

(1) 关于heart的短语

lose heart   灰心, 泄气

lose one’s heart to  爱上, 喜欢

at heart   从内心来说

heart and soul   全心全意

break one’s heart   使心碎

put one’s heart into   把全部心思放在……

learn / know by heart   记熟

eg：Please don’t lose heart. You still have more chances.

She lost her heart to him as soon as she saw the handsome soldier.

It breaks my heart to see him crying. 我看见他哭，感到很难过。

He devoted himself heart and soul to his work. 他全心全意致力于工作。

(2) 关于 trouble的短语

in trouble       有麻烦

ask for trouble    自寻麻烦

make trouble     制造麻烦

take trouble to do sth.       费心做某事

get into trouble     遇到麻烦

have trouble (in) doing sth.  做某事有困难

save / spare trouble     省去麻烦

【随堂训练】

(1)He never came except when he was ________________ (有麻烦).

(2)Don’t imagine that you’re the only person ________________ (不幸).

(3)The boy _________________ (出事了) when he left home to live in London.

(4)That’s none of your business. Please don’t ___________________ (自寻麻烦)

(5)No trouble was ____________________(节省) to ensure your comfort.

Keys:①in trouble  ②in trouble  ③got into trouble   ④ask for trouble  ⑤saved/spared

9、It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. 这件事很危险，因为如果我被抓住，我可能会被投进监狱。

关于prison 的短语

be in prison   在狱中

go to prison   入狱

put…in prison / send…to prison / throw…into prison   把……投入监狱

be taken to prison   被关进监狱

break prison  越狱, 从狱中逃走

【注意】 以上短语prison前不带冠词, 常见的这类名词有：

bed，university，sea，class，school，hospital, home, town等，常构成固定搭配如下：

go to school去上学      go to bed去睡觉       go to market去市场

go to church去做礼拜    in prison坐牢         in hospital住院

in class上课            at table进餐          at school上学

【随堂训练】

While he was at ______ college, he took part in political activities, and was soon thrown into ______ prison.

A. the; /                   B. /; the          C. /; /             D. the; the

答案是C。第一空表示上大学，第二空表示入狱，都不要冠词。

10、Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 黑人不能投票也不能选择他们的领导。

choose n .  选中

to do  决定;愿意

from / between  从…选择

choose    sb. + as   选某人当…

sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物

wh- + to do

cannot choose but do  只好做……

【随堂训练】

(1) Some people say that they _______ to live in the countryside.

A. enjoy                 B. feel like              C. choose          D. miss

(2) There are five pairs _______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.

A. to be chosen     B. to choose from  C. to choose       D. for choosing

Keys :  (1)C  (2)B

语法讲解

关系副词引导的定语从句

如果先行词代表的是时间、地点、原因时，定语从句就要用关系副词引导，关系副词有：when, where和why，分别代表时间、地点和原因，在定语从句中作状语。

1、当先行词代表时间时，定语从句由when引导。

eg：I still remember the days when we got together in Beijing.

There are moments when I forgot all about it.

At the time when I saw him, he was well.我看到他时他挺好的。

1995 was the year when his son was born.一九九五年是他儿子的出生年。

She came on the day when I was not at home.

October here is a month when the weather is cool.

2、当先行词表示地点时，定语从句可由where引导。

eg：She has gone home where she will stay for a week.她已经回家了，要在家呆一个星期。

He went to the exhibition, where he saw a lot of new books.他去参观书展，在那儿看到许多

This is the house where Lu Xun once lived and worked.这就是鲁迅曾经居住并工作过的

That's the hotel where we were staying last summer.这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。

We have reached a point where a change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。

I know a place where we can swim.我知道一个可以游泳的地方。

3、关系副词why表示原因，跟在先行词reason之后，在定语从句中作原因状语。

eg：The reason why I'm calling you is to invite you to the party.我给你打电话的原因是想邀请你

Do you know the reason why she was so angry yesterday?你知道她昨天为什么那样生气

Give me one reason why we should help you.给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。

【注意】上面我们讲到，当先行词表示时间、地点、原因时，定语从句可由关系副词引导，但还有一点必须弄清楚，就是关系词在定语从句中作什么成分，只有作状语时才能用关系副词。先行词表示的是时间、地点或原因，但在后面的定语从句中如果关系词不是作状语，而是作主语或宾语，

则仍应用关系代词，因为关系副词是不能作主语或宾语的。

请比较下面例子：

This is the school where I studied ten years ago.

这是我十年前读书的学校。  studied in the school   studied(vi.)

This is the school which we visited last week.

这是我们上情形参观的学校。  visited the school   visited(vt.)

I'll never forget the days when we worked together.

我永远忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。  worked during the days    worked(vi.)

I'll never forget the days which we spent in Qingdao.

我永远也忘不了我们在青岛度过的那些日子。  spent the days    spent(vt.)

This is the reason why he didn't attend the meeting.

这就是他没有出席会议的原因。

This is the reason which he gave me.

这就是他给我的理由。  gave me the reason

4、在很多情况下，关系副词相当于“介词 + 关系副词”。

eg：This is the school in which I studied when I was a child.这是我小时侯就读的学校。

I'll never forget the day on which I joined the army.我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。

The hotel in which we stayed for night has a garden in front of it. 我们过夜的那个旅馆前

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