今天我演讲的主题是中国在世界经济中的作用。这是格林纳威校长给我出的题目。这个题目，如果在30多年前被提出，可能属于一个“冷门”话 题。但在今天，这是我们必须认识、思考的重大现实问题，因为中国与世界经济已是风雨同舟，兴衰与共。我认为，中国对世界经济的作用主要体现在以下四个方 面：
I have been asked to talk about China's role in the world economy today, a topic that would be unimaginable 30 years ago. But China is now an integral part of the world economy:
第一，中国是世界经济和贸易增长的引擎。改革开放32年来，中国的GDP总量由1978年的2600多亿美元增加到去年的4.9万亿美元， 实现了年均10%左右的增长，相应地，中国对世界经济的贡献率也大幅提升。1978年，中国对世界经济增长的拉动为0.1个百分点，贡献率为2.3%;到 国际金融危机前的2007年，中国对世界经济增长的拉动已提高到0.7个百分点，贡献率上升到19.2%，位居世界第一。2008年和2009年，由于很 多发达国家经济陷入衰退或低增长，而中国经济分别保持增长9%和8.7%，中国对世界经济增长的贡献率更是大幅提高。根据世界银行副行长林毅夫先生的预 测，2010年估计全球经济增长2.7%，假定中国经济继续增长8%，那么在2.7%的增长当中，中国的贡献率将进一步提升到30%。
Firstly, China has become an important driver for the world economy and trade. Over the 32 years of reform and opening-up, China's GDP has grown from 260 billion US dollars in 1978 to 4.9 trillion, an average annual growth rate of about 10%. And as its GDP grows, so China's contribution to the world economy also increases. In 1978, China contributed 0.1 percentage point or 2.3% to global economic growth, but by 2007, these figures had jumped to 0.7 percentage point and 19.2%, making China the biggest contributor among all countries. In 2008 and 2009 when many developed countries slid into recession, China continued to grow at 9% and 8.7% respectively, contributing still more to the world economy. And as World Bank Vice President Justin Yifu Lin has estimated, the global economy will grow by 2.7% this year and 30% of that growth will come from China if it sustains an 8% growth rate.
在全球化的大背景下，国际贸易是全球经济增长的助推器。1978年，中国进出口贸易总额为206亿美元，占世界贸易比重仅为 0.8%;2008年，中国对外贸易额达到2.56万亿美元，占世界贸易的7.9%。2009年，由于受国际金融危机的影响，中国对外贸易额下降至2.2 万亿美元，但在世界贸易总额中的比重，却由2008年的7.9%提高到9%，成为世界第一大出口国和第二大进口国，对外贸易总量居世界第二。世贸组织发布 的《2009年世界贸易报告》认为，中国正成为全球贸易增长的引擎。
In 1978, China's trade was 20.6 billion US dollars or 0.8% of the world's total, these figures had grown in 2008 to 2.56 trillion and 7.9%. However, as a result of the financial crisis, China's trade dropped to 2.2 trillion US dollars in 2009, although accounting for 9% of that year's world total, making China the world's largest exporter and second largest importer. According to the World Trade Report 2009 by the World Trade Organisation (WTO), China is becoming the engine driving trade growth globally.
第二、中国是危机时刻负责任、可信赖的伙伴。1997年，亚洲金融危机爆发，当时，全世界几乎异口同声地宣称：人民币应当贬值，否则中国经 济将面临灭顶之灾。然而，中国政府经过多方面权衡，本着高度负责的态度，从维护本地区稳定和发展的大局出发，做出人民币不贬值的决定，承受了巨大压力，付 出了很大代价。此举对亚洲乃至世界金融、经济的稳定和发展起到了重要作用。
Secondly, China is a reliable partner in times of crisis. During the 1997 Asian financial crisis, many were expecting the RMB to depreciate or the Chinese economy would be ruined. China decided to keep the value of the RMB as it was. This decision put China under huge pressure for which it has paid a price. It did however help to uphold the financial and economic stability and development in Asia and the world.
2008年，国际金融危机爆发，中国首先努力做好自己的事情，及时调整了宏观经济政策，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，出台 了旨在进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划。同时，中国积极倡导国际合作，提出了国际社会携手应对、共克时艰的理念;加强与主要经济体宏观经济政策 的协调;积极参与二十国集团峰会进程;坚决反对贸易保护主义，维护世界自由贸易体系;积极加强双边、区域和多边经贸合作，组织大型采购团赴海外采购;中国 还承诺购买不超过500亿美元的国际货币基金组织债券。中国在国际社会应对金融危机的过程中，扮演了重要角色，发挥了建设性作用。
In 2008 when the international financial crisis broke out, China made timely adjustments to its macroeconomic policy, quickly putting together a stimulus package aimed at expanding domestic demands and stimulating economic growth. China also called on countries to weather the storm together. We strengthened macro policy coordination with other leading economies and took an active part in the G20 summits. China called for free trade and intensified business cooperation bilaterally, regionally and multilaterally, through sending buying missions overseas, among others. China also committed itself to buying up to 50 billion US dollars in International Monetary Fund (IMF) bonds.
不久前，欧洲一些国家出现主权债务危机，中国坚定支持欧元区和国际货币基金组织联手启动救援机制。中国没有抛售欧元资产，给欧元以巨大支 持。就在本月，中国国务院副总理张德江访问了希腊，两国企业签署了14项商业协议，包括中方在希腊建造干散货船，开发宾馆和购物中心，建设机场、物流中心 和海洋主题公园，进口希腊生产的橄榄油等，协议总额近100亿欧元。这对希腊来说无疑是雪中送炭。同样是本月，中国与冰岛签署了金额为35亿元人民币(约 合5亿美元)的双边本币互换协议，这既有利于中冰双边贸易，也有助于冰岛经济复苏。
During the recent European sovereign debt crisis, China stood firmly behind the Euro Zone and the IMF as they worked together to launch an aid plan, by not selling its Euro assets. And during a recent visit to Greece, the Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang took with him 14 much-needed agreements worth nearly 10 billion Euros. These ranged from the construction of bulk cargo ships, airport facilities, a logistic hub and an ocean park, to the purchase of olive oil. This month has also seen China signing a bilateral currency swap agreement with Iceland, worth about 500 million US dollars to facilitate bilateral trade and to help with the economic recovery of Iceland.