The floors were in so rotten a condition that many of them could not be scrubbed.

---不要高兴得忘乎所以。

Don’t be so happy as to forget everything.

---天气闷热得大家喘不过气来。

It was such a hot and stuffy weather that people were out of breath.

---这些苹果酸得不能吃。

These apples are too sour for eating.

4. 省略”得”字

有时,”得”字无需翻译,只需翻译”得”字位于其中的短语即可。例如:　---他们俩人很合得来。

Both of them got well along with each other.

---学生们听课听得很入神。

The students listened to the lecture attentively.

---你来得正是时候。You came in the nick of time.

---游客们玩得很开心。

The visitors had a wonderful time.

---这件事情做得非常出色。

It’s exceedingly well done.

(三) “把”字句的翻译

同汉语”是”字句一样,”把”字句也是汉语的一种常见句型。汉语中的”把”字主要起引导受事者的作用,语态形式上表现为主动式,因此使汉语减少了被动句的使用频率,很多被动意义都可借助”把”字句来表达。”把”字”常与表示人的生理或心理状态的词语,如”忙、累、急、气”等搭配,引导表示结果的补语;”把”字可与”一”、”当作”、”给”等连用,构成”把……一……”、”把……当作……”、”把……给……”句型;”把”可用于句首建构祈使句。”把”字的翻译要兼顾其语法及语义功能以及英语的表达习惯。

1. 省略”把”字

---我错把她当作她的孪生妹妹了。

I mistook her for her sister.

---他的话几乎把我给气疯了。

What he said almost made me go mad.

---房地产商人把沿海滩的空地全部抢购一空。

The real estate businessmen took up all the land available along the beach.

---今天是什么风把你给吹来的?

What has brought you here today ?

2. 译为被动句

---他所做的一切把我感动得流下了眼泪。

I was moved to tears by what he had done.

---把这些救灾物资送到洪灾区是当前的第一要务。

It is currently the first and foremost thing that these disaster-relief supplies should be dispatched to the flood-stricken areas.

--隆隆的大炮声把傀儡军吓坏了。

The puppet soldiers were frightened to death by the rumbling of cannons.

(四) “搞”字句的翻译

目下,”搞”字在汉语里的流行之势,使有人发出”怎一个’搞’字了得”的感叹。关于”搞”的妙用,作家孙绍振说:“搞字的功能可分为两类:丑的则遮蔽,不丑的则美化;可谓有美皆备,无丽不臻。”鉴于”搞”在汉语中倍受青睐这一语言事实,其翻译就成为绕不过去的问题。”搞”字意思之丰富,用得之活,不是汉语的”做”所能望其背项的,如果不考虑风格和情感,倒有点像英语的do,几乎是个”万能”动词。”搞”字的翻译,应当具体问题具体分析,弄清其在具体语境中的具体含义,然后再选择恰当的词语译之。

1. 译为动词或动词短语

“搞”最常见的意义是”做”、”干”、”弄”、”从事”、”进行”等,因此可用do, get, make, work, practise, engage in, go in for等来翻译。例如:

---搞字对字的翻译常常是行不通的。

It is often unacceptable to do a word-to-word translation.