9. take/ bring/ carry /get

这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思，但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”，“拿走”，bring意为“带来”，“拿来”, get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”，carry不强调方向，带有负重的意思。试比较：

My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。

I’m going to take you to Beijing.我准备带你去北京。

Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯茶来。

I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。

The waiter carried the me to the table服务员把肉送到桌上。

The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那个包背在背上。

She went back to get her handbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。

Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。

10. far away /faraway

(1)far away是一个副词短语，意思是“很远”。例如：

Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些离得很远，有些离得近一些的。

The village is far away from here.那个村子离这儿很远。

(2)faraway是一个形容词，意思是“遥远的”，可以在句中作定语。例如：

He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一个遥远的小山村。

11. find / look for

find和look for 都有“找”的意思，但含义不同。find 强调“找”的结果，而look for 强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句：

He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行车。

I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find it.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。

I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。

另外，find还有“发现”;“感到”等意思。例如：

I found a wallet in the desk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。

I find this book very interesting.我觉得这本书很有意思。

12. in front of /in the front of

In front of 表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范围内。In the front of 表示在某物的前部，在某物的范围内。试比较：

My seat is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。

He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。

【考点扫描】

1. be going to的用法;

2. 形容词的比较级、最高级;

3. 形容词和副词的比较

4. 一般过去时

5. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

6. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。

【中考范例】

1. (2004年烟台市中考试题)

In the exam, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you’ll make.

A. carefully, little        B. more carefully, fewest

C. more careful, fewer    D. more careful, less

【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是形容词和副词的比较以及他们的比较等级的用法。第一个空应填形容词careful的比较级，因为它在句中作表语，第二个空应填few的比较级，因为它修饰的是复数可数名词。

2. (2004年河北省中考试题)

Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful  B. as carefully as  C. carefully  D. as careful as

【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法比较。该空应填副词，因为它修饰的是动词does。该题用的是not as+副词+as的结构，所以答案应是B。

3. (2004年重庆市中考试题)

That day I saw some parents _________ at the back of the classroom, ________ to the teacher.

A. sitting, listened                    B. sat, listened

C. sitting, listening                    D. sat, listening

【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是see sb. doing sth.的句型结构和分词作状语的用法。第一个空stting在句中作saw的宾语补足语，第二个空listening做伴随状语。

4. (2004年杭州市中考试题)

You ________ open the door before the train gets into the station.

A. don’t have to  B. mustn’t  C. needn’t  D. may not

【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是几个情态动词否定式的用法区别。don’t have to和needn’t的意思都是“不必”，may not的意思是“可以不”，只有mustn’t表示“不许”，“禁止”。

【满分演练】

一. 单项填空

1. Welcome back ________school.

A. in    B. at      C. to   D. on

2. Miss Gao is our new Chinese teacher ________.

A. in this term      B. this term

C. on this term      D. that term

3. ---I’m sorry I’m late.

---_____________.

A. OK          B. It doesn’t matter

C. All right      D. Thank you

4. Li Mu and Jill are talking _________where they are going.

A. about  B. to  C. with  D. for

5. There is very ______food in the house.

A. a few  B. little C. a little D. few

6. You’d better take a raincoat ____you.

A. to  B. with  C. on  D. for

7. The children are going to the Great Wall ______a field trip.

A. to  B. with  C. on   D. for

8. I’m______hungry. May I have a mooncake?

A. a little  B. little  C. a few  D. few

9. I’m still hungry. I’d like _________one.

A. other  B. another  C. an other  D. the other

10.The moon looks ____than the sun, but in fact the sun is ______than the moon.

A. big; big                B. bigger; bigger

C. small; small             D. smaller; smaller

11. I can see them_____football on the playground.

A. play  B. playing  C. to play  D. are playing

12. Ji Wei runs_________than I.

A. fast  B. faster  C. fastest D. the fastest

13. I think steamed bread is ____________ hamburger.

A. more delicious than  B. most delicious than

C. more delicious to    D. most delicious to

14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?

----__________. I’m free.

A. To do my homework   B. To clean my house

C. To do some shopping  D. Nothing much

15. ---May I speak to Jack?

---____________. Who’s that?

A. I’m Jack     B. That is Jack

C.This is Jack speaking D. I’m Jack speaking

16. ----Why not _________ and see the play?

---Good idea.

A.go  B. going  C. to go  D. goes

17. It’s cold outside. Please keep the door_________.

A. close  B. closing  C. closes  D. closed

18. My home is about two hundred metres_____our school.

A. from B. far from C. away D. to

19. There are some apple trees ________her house.

A. in the front of     B. at the back of

C. in the middle of   D. at the front of

20. Which floor do you ________?

A. live  B. live on  C. live at  D. live in

二. 完形填空

The Xingqing Palace Park(兴庆宫公园)is __1___ park in Xi’an.__2__ Saturdays or Sundays, children like ___3___ there __4___ their parents. There they can play games. There is a lake and a hill in the park. Today is Sunday. Many children are playing in the park. Look! Some children __5___ on the lake. They are good __6___ it. Is the boat ___7___ a chicken? No. It looks like a duck. Some boys are playing __8___ football on the grass(草地)。A few boys __9___the hill over there. All the children are having a good time. They think playing in the park is___10___ than having classes at school.

1.A. bigger      B. the biggest  C. smaller      D. the smaller

2.A. In          B. On           C. At           D. With

3.A. walking     B. going        C. running      D.flying

4.A. with        B. for          C. on           D. in

5.A. is swimming B. is boating   C. are running  D. are boating

6.A. In          B. with         C. from         D. at

7.A. look           B. likes       C. looks         D. like

8.A. a              B. /           C. an            D. the

9.A. are running    B. are walking C. are climbing  D. are jumping

10.A. little better B. much better C. many better   D. the best

三. 阅读理解

(A)

Mark Twain is traveling toDijonby train. He wants to sleep very much, so he asks the conductor(服务员)to wake him up when the train gets to Dijon. The he goes to sleep. Later, when wakes up, it is early the next morning and the train has got toParis. He knows at once that the conductor doesn’t wake him up atDijon. He is very angry. He runs up to the conductor and says, “Why didn’t you wake me up and put me off the train atDijon? I am very angry about it!”

The conductor smiles and looks at him, “Another American is more angry than you. But you can’t see him now. I put him off the train atDijonlast night.”

根据短文内容，判断下列各句的正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。

1.  Mark twain asks the conductor to wake him up inParis.

2.  The train got toDijonat night.

3.  Mark Twain was very angry with the conductor.

4.  The conductor made a mistake(错误). He put another American off the train atDijon.

5.  Mark Twain can’t see that American because the American doesn’t like him.

(B)

The worst tourist in the world is Nicholas Scotti ofSan Francisco. Once he flew from theUSto his home town inItalyto see someone at home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at Kennedy Airport of New York. As he thought he had arrived home, Mr Scotti got off the plane. He thought he was inRome.

When nobody was there to meet him, Mr Scotti thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic. While looking for their addresses, Mr Scotti found that the old "Rome" had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones.

He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many street signs were written in English.

Mr Scotti knew very little English, so he asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born inItalyand answered him in the same language.

After twelve hours' traveling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a second policeman. He asked the policeman why theRomepolice employed so many people as policemen speaking English of Italian.

To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, He was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警报) on. "Look," said Scotti to his interpreter , "I know I'm inItaly. That's how they drive."

1. When Mr Scotti arrived at the airport, nobody met him because ____________.

A. he was in New York

B. he was in Rome

C. policemen could help him

D. he was in an Italian city

2. In what direction (方向) did the plane fly when Mr Scotti went to Italy from the US?

A. To the east.

B. To the south.

C. To the west

D. To the north.

3. Why was Mr Scotti so sure that he was in Rome?

A. Because he traveled a lot.

B. Because he knew little about the US.

C. Because he knew little about Italy.

D. Because he didn't travel much.

4. At last Mr Scotti _________.

A. knew he did something wrong

B. still thought he was

C. knew he was wrong

D. knew he was home

5. Do you think many people do the same thing as Mr Scotti did?

A. Nobody but Mr Scotti made this kind of mistake.

B. Many people make this kind of mistake.

C. Few people make this kind of mistake.

D. 50% of people will make the same mistake.

(C)

My wife and I stayed inLondonfor a few weeks last year. We went there in the autumn. We think it is the best season to visitEngland. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many visitors in October.

We stayed in a small restaurant in theWest End. We did most of our sightseeing on foot. We went to look at all the places. We went shopping and spent too much money. We liked going to the theatre . We don't have the chance to see such good plays (戏剧) at home. A lot of people say English food is very bad. We didn't think so. Most of the restaurants are French or Chinese, but we had some very good meals.

We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want to go there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas . I'm sure we'll need them sometimes.

1. “We went shopping and spent too much money” means _________.

A. they didn't enjoy shopping and spent too much money

B. prices were high in England

C. there were so many good things in the shops and they bought a lot

D. they liked to go shopping with lots of money

2. They didn't have the chance to see such good plays_________.

A. in their small restaurant  B. in their home town

C. in France              D. inEngland

3. You can get _______ in a restaurant.

A. meals  B. clothes  C. books  D. cakes

4. I'm sure we'll need umbrellas sometimes because__________.

A. umbrellas can be very good presents for their friends in London

B. it often rains in London

C. the English people like to bring umbrellas with them

D. the English people protect (保护) themselves with umbrella

5. The two visitors came from________.

A. England            B. France

C. America            D. a country we don't know

四. 根据所给汉语完成下列英语句子

1. Yesterday afternoon Miss Li came here _________ (向你道歉).

2. I did everything ___________ (他要求我做的).

3. We saw the old scientist ____________ (在花园里散步) just now.

4. My grandpa has ___________ (好记忆). He can remember many things.

5. Do you know who _______ (发明了机器人)?

6. I find ____________ (记住这些单词很难).

7. I enjoy ____________ (吃大肉).

8. Don’t stand ___________ (一直). Please give me a hand.

9. Wang Zheng __________ (出身在)a worker’s family.

10. ________________ (祝你们好运), all the boys.

八年级下册知识梳理

【知识梳理】

I.重点短语

1. give a concert

2. fall down

3. go on

4. at the end of

5. go back

6. in ahurry

7. write down

8. come out

9. all the year round

10. later on

11. at times

12. ring sb. up

13. Happy New Year!

14. have a party

15. hold on

16. hear from

17. be ready

18. at the moment

19. take out

20.the same as

21. turn over

22. get-together

23. put on

24. take a seat

25. wait for

26. get lost

27. just then

28. first of all

29. go wrong

30. make a noise

31. get on

32. get off

33. stand in line

34. at the head of

35. laugh at

36. throw about

37. in fact

38. at midnight

39. enjoy oneself

40. have a headache

41. have a cough

42. fall asleep

43. again and again

44. look over

45. take exercise

II.重要句型

1. be good for sth.

2. I think …

3. I hope…

4. I love…

5. I don’t like…

6. I’m sure…

7. forget to do sth.

8. take a message for sb.

9. give sb. the message

10. help yourself to sth.

11. be famous for sth.

12. on one’s way to…

13. make one’s way to…

14. quarrel with sb.

15. agree with sb.

16. stop sb. from doing sth.

III.交际用语

1.What’s the weather like today?

2.It’s cold, but quite suuny.

3.How cold it is today!

4.Yes, but it’ll be warmer later on.

5.Shall we make a snowman?

6.Ok. Come on!

7.Happy New Year!

8.May I speak to Ann, please??

9.Hold on, please.

10.Thanks a lot for inviting me to your party.

11.Ok. But I’m afraid I may be a little late.

12.Can I take a message for you?

13.That’s OK. It doesn’t matter.

14.I’m very sorry, but I can’t come.

15.I’m sorry to hear that.

16.Happy birthday!

17.Would you like ...? Would you like to ...?

18.Do you think ...? Yes, I think so. / No, I don't think so.

19.Do you agree? Yes, I agree. / No, don't really agree. I really can't agree.

20.There are a few / a lot of ... / on it.

21.So do we.

22.I'm happy you like it.

23.Which is the way to ..., please?

24.Turn right/left at the ... crossing.

25.Go on until you reach ...

26.How can I get to ...? Go down/up/along this road.

27.What's the matter?

28.It'll take you half an hour to ...

29.We'd better catch a bus.

30.It may be in ... Ah, so it is

31.You must be more careful!

32.You mustn't cross the road now.

33.If you want to cross a street, you must wait for the green light.

34.Please stand in line.

35.You must wait for your turn.

36.If you don't go soon, you'll be late.

37.I don't feel very well.

38.My head hurts.

39.You mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor.

40.What's the trouble?

41.What's the matter with…?

42.She didn't feel like eating anything.

43.Nothing serious.

44.Have/get a pain in…

45.No problem.

46.Take this medicine three times a day.

IV.重要语法

1. 一般过去时;

2. 反意疑问句的用法;

3. 一般将来时;

4. 感叹句;

5. 简单句的五种基本句型;

6. 情态动词can, may和must, have to的用法;

7. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句。

【名师讲解】

1. above/ over/ on

这三个介词都表示“在……之上”，但含义不同。on指在某物的表面上，和某物接触;above指在某物的上方，不和某物接触，但也不一定在某物的正上方;over指在某物的正上方，不和某物接触。试比较：

There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。

I raise my right hand above my head. 我把右手高举过头。

There is a stone bridge over the river. 河面上有座石桥。

2. forget to do sth./forget doing sth.

forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”，实际上还没做;forget doing sth,意思是“忘记做过某事”，实际上已经做过了。试比较：

I forgot to tell him the news.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。

I forgot telling him the news.我已经把这条消息告诉他了，我却忘了。

类似的词还有：remember, regret等。

3. hope/wish

hope和wish 在汉语中都有“希望”的意思，但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下：

(1)wish可以用来表示不可实现的愿望;hope只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如：

I wish I were 20 years younger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。

I hope you’ll be better soon. 我希望你能很快好起来。

I wish the weather wasn’t so cold. 但愿天气不这麽冷。

I hope he will come, too. 我希望他也能来。

(2)wish可以接sb. to do sth. 的结构，而hope不可以。例如：

Do you wish me to come back later?  你是否希望我再来?