重点和难点

辨析cost, spend与pay

a. cost (cost, cost)的主语是“物”或“事”，表示“花费”“耗费”;

The book cost me ten yuan.

b. spend (spent, spent)主语是“某人”，后接“钱”“时间”“精力”.

She spends a lot of money on clothes.

c. pay (paid, paid)主语是“某人”后接“钱”，表示“支付”之意.

I paid two hundred yuan for the bike.

辨析advice与advise

a. advice 为不可数名词，可用some, much, a little, a piece of等修饰，但不可说an advice 或many advices. 常与动词give, take, follow, ask for等连用。

Let me give you a piece of advice.

b. advise 为动词，常用于以下结构中：

I advise waiting here. (动名词作宾语)

They advise me not to do that. (不定式作宾语补足语)

I advise that she (should) go there at one. (接宾语从句)

辨析look for, find, find out

1)look for (v. + prep.) “寻找”，指寻找的动作，未说明是否能找到，是延续性动词。

—What are you looking for?

—I am looking for my watch.

2)find “找到”“发现”，指找到、发现的结果，是终止性动词。

Have you found the book you need?

3)find out (v. + adv.) “打听出”“查询出”，指经过打听询问后得知。

—What time is the plane taking off?

—I don’t know but I can go and find it out.

辨析another day和the other day

1)another day 可表示近期将来的某一天，意为“改天”，也可表示过去或状态延续的“又一天”。它在句中作状语。

She says she is coming another day instead of today.她说她今天不来，改天来。

2)the other day 指“前几天”，“几天前”，一般用于过去时，如：

I met her in the hospital the other day. 前几天我在医院碰见过她。

辨析on the air, in the air ,by air 和 in the open air

on the air 意为“(正在)广播，播送”。

What's on the air now? 正在广播什么?

in the air指“在空中”

Some kites are flying in the air. 一些风筝在空中飞舞。

by air意为“乘飞机;通过航空”(=by plane).

They often travel by air. 他们经常坐飞机旅行。

in the open air指“在户外，在露天”。

Grandpa walks in the open air for an hour every morning. 爷爷每天早晨在户外散步一小时。